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1.4--Anatomical Directional Terms

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Term
Definition
SUPERIOR   ABOVE, HIGHER IN POSITION; TOWARD HEAD (NOT IN REFERENCE TO LIMBS)  
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CRANIAL (CEPHALIC)   TOWARD HEAD; MORE FLEXIBLE THAN SUPERIOR  
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INFERIOR   BELOW OR LOWER IN POSITION TOWARD FEET (NOT IN REFERENCE TO LIMBS)  
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ROSTRAL   RELATING TO NOSE AND MOUTH REGION; TOWARDFACE  
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CAUDAL   RELATING TO TAIL; AT OR NEAR POSTERIOR  
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ANTERIOR   FRONT OF BODY  
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POSTERIOR   BACK OF BODY  
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VENTRAL   BELLY SIDE OF BODY (ANTERIOR)  
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DORSAL   BACK SIDE OF BODY (POSTERIOR)  
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MEDIAL   NEARER TO MIDLINE  
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LATERAL   FARTHER FROM MIDLINE  
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INTERMEDIATE   BETWEEN TWO STRUCTURES  
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IPSILATERAL   SAME SIDE OF THE BODY'S MIDLINE FROM ANOTHER STRUCTURE  
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CONTRALATERAL   ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF BODY'S MIDLINE FROM ANOTHER STRUCTURE  
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PROXIMAL   NEARER ATTACHMENT OF LIMB TO TRUNK; NEARER TO ORIGINATION OF A STRUCTURE  
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DISTAL   FARTHER FROM ATTACHMENT OF LIMB TO TRUNK  
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SUPERFICIAL   TOWARD OR ON SURFACE OF BODY (EX. RIBS TO LUNGS)  
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DEEP   AWAY FROM SURFACE OF THE BODY  
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EXTERNAL   TOWARD OUTSIDE OF A STRUCTURE  
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INTERNAL   TOWARD INSIDE OF A STRUCTURE  
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