Chapter 11 Anatomy & Physiology
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| these receptors react to various chemicals, including odors and tastes, as well as the concentration of various chemicals in the body | Chemoreceptors
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| these receptors respond to factors such as pressure, stretch, or vibration, that change the position of the receptor. | Mechanoreceptors
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| these receptors are activated by change in the temperature | Thermoreceptors
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| these are pain receptors that respond to tissue damage from trauma as well as form heat, chemicals, pressure, or lack of oxygen | Nociceptors
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| found in only the eyes, these receptors respond to light | Photoreceptors
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| abundant in the skin and mucous membranes, these fibers produce a sharp, localized, stabbing-type pain at the time of injury | Fast pain fibers
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| these fibers are congregated on deep body organs and structures and produce a dull, aching pain. | Slow pain fibers
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| the since of taste is called | Gustation
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| taste buds are located in the protrusions on the tongue called | Papillae
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| these are large papillae found at the rear of the tongue | Vallate Papillae
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| these form ridges at the sides of the tongue | Foliate Papillae
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| these are thread-like papillae that contain no taste buds | Filiform Papillae
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| these are especially concentrated at the tip of the tongue | Funfiform Papillae
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| a pair of structures that are residing just underneath the brain's frontal lobe | Olfactory Bulbs
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| the since of smell is called | Olfaction
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| the visible part of the ear is called | Auricle (pinna)
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| this part of the ear leads through the temporal bone to the eardrum | Auditory Canal
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| the opening of the auditory canal to the outside of the body is called | External Acoustic Meatus
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| the three small bones in the ear are called | Auditory Ossicles
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| the bone in the ear that is shaped like a hammer is called | Malleus
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| the bone in the ear that is shaped like an anvil is called | Incus
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| the bone in the ear that is shaped like a stirrup is called | Stapes
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| the eardrum is called the | Tympanic membrane
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| this is a passageway from the middle ear to the nasopharynx | Auditory/ Eustachian tube
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| these structures are curial for the maintenance of equilibrium and balance | Semicircular canals
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| this structure, which marks the entrance to the labyrinths, contains organs necessary for the sense of balance | Vestibule
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| this snail like structure contains the structures for hearing | Cochlea
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| the triangular duct that is filled with endolymph is called | Cochlea duct
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| the fluid that cushions the space between the two labyrinths is called | Perilymph
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| a fluid that occupies the inside of the membranous labyrinth is called | Endolymph
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| this lines the inside of the bony labyrinth | Membranous labyrinth
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| thousand of hair like cells project from the epithelial layer and are topped with a gelatin like membrane called | Tectorial membrane
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| at the end of each canal is a bulb like area called an | Ampulla
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| the hair part of the face, that helps shield eye from glare.. (hint girls color this in with make up ... sometimes alil to much) | Eyebrows
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| these are form primarily the orbicularis oculi muscle covered in skin, it protects the eye from foreign bodies and block light when closed | Eyelids
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| the opening between the lids is called | Palpebral fissure
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| the hairs on the eyelids that help keep debris out of eye are called | Eyelashes
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| the transparent membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the anterior surface of the eyeball is called | Conjunctiva
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| these glands lie along the thickened area at the edge of the eye | Tarsal plate
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| this small gland secretes tears that flow onto the surface of the conjunctiva | Lacrimal gland
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| this passageway carries tears into the nasal cavity | Nasolacrimal duct
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| this is a tiny pore through which tears drain into the lacrimal canal and the nasolacrimal duct | Lacrimal Punctum
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| the study of the eye and the treatment of its diseases is called | Ophthalmology
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| form from dense connective tissue this is the outermost layer of the eye | Sclera
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| the thin layer of the light sensitive cells in the eye is called | Retina
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| exiting from the posterior portion of the eyeball is the ________, which also transmits signals to the brain | Optic nerve
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| this is a ring of colored muscle in the eye | The Iris
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| the thickened extension of the choroid that forms a collar around the lens is called the | Ciliary body
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| the highly vascular tissue that supplies oxygen and nutrient to the retina and sclera is called the | Choroid
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| the center point of the retina is a patch of cells called the | Macula Lutea
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| inside the macula lutea is a depression called the | Fovea centralis
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| medial to the macula lutea is the | Optic disc
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| the space between the lens and the cornea is the | Anterior cavity
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| the cleat watery fluid that fills the anterior cavity is called | Aqueous humor
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| the transparent disc of tissue just behind the pupil, between the anterior and posterior cavities is called | the lens
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| the larger cavity that lies posterior to the lens is called the | Posterior cavity
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| the posterior cavity is filled with a jelly like substance called | Vitreous humor
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| bending light rays is called | Refraction
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| this lines up the visual axis of each eye toward the object so that the light rays fall on the corresponding spots on each retina | Convergence
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| the sharpness of visual perception is called | Visual acuity
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| this muscle encircles the pupil | Pupillary constrictor
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| when you eyes let in light to see your pupil become more open this is called | Pupillary dilator
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| the curvature of the lens changes to allow the eye to focus on a near object is called | Accommodation
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| these active in dim light | Rods
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| these are activated in bright light | Cones
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