European Conquest of the Western Hemisphere
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| Columbian Exchange | Exchange of animals, plants, food, minerals, and, of course, diseases between the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
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| Treaty of Tordesillas | divided the world so no other country could claim land 270 leagues west of the Azores. All belong to Spain.
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| encomienda system | Distributed large tracts of land, giving the holder complete control not only of the areas’ natural resources, but also of all indigenous people on the land.
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| Christopher Columbus | Landed in San Salvador in 1492 in search of quicker route to Asia.
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| coureurs de bois | (Forrest runners) Independent fur traders who developed a rich and productive economic relationship with Native Americans.
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| conquistadores | Spanish explorers in search of the 3 G's.
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| Hernán Cortés | conquistador; first beneficiaries of the encomienda system
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| Aztecs | Aggressive people; conquered cities throughout the Valley of Mexico. Had great cities, elaborated sacrifices.
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| New Foundland | Land found in the New World by European explorers.
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| ethnocentrism | belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
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| Quebec | French settlement in Canada found in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain. Migrated into the New World in search of wealth and in hopes of converting the Indians to Christianity.
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| Sir Walter Raleigh | Claimed Roanoke as land granted by the Queen. Planned everything out for the trip to Roanoke.
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| Roanoke | The "Lost Colony". Failed, twice.
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| Ferdinand and Isabella | Provided political stability with defeat of Islamic invaders.
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