learning objective answers to nasal cavity
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| Name the main cartilages that form the external nasal skeleton. | Lateral nasal cartilages and the greater alar cartilages.
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| List the bones that form the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. | The main part of the lateral wall is formed by the maxilla, palatine, and sphenoid bones. The ethmoid, lacrimal, and inferior nasal concha are superimposed over these.
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| Which of the nasal conchae is an individual bone? Two which bone do the other two belong? | The inferior concha is an individual bone. The middle an d superior conchae are parts of the ethmoid bone.
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| How is the nasal septum constructed? | By the perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, and septal cartilage.
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| What is a meatus? | The space under a nasal concha (turbinate bone).
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| List the 4 paired paranasal air sinuses | Frontal sinus, Maxillary sinus, Ethmoidal air cells, Sphenoid sinus
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| Which of the four sinus is most likely to become infected from an abscessed tooth? | The maxillary sinuses.
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| Where is the olfactory epithelium located? | On the roof of nasal cavity and extending for a short distance down medial septum and surface of the superior concha.
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| What are filia olfactoria? | The axons of the olfactory epithelium.
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| What is the function of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone? | To allow filia olfactoria of the olfactory epithelium to pass superiorly into cranial cavity (bulb).
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| Where do the olfactory axons first synapse? | In the olfactory bulb that lies on top of each cribriform plate.
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| What is anosmia? | Loss of the sense of smell.
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| Which two specific divisions of the trigeminal nerve are responsible for innervation of the lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavities? | The ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) divisions of CN V.
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| Which specific nerve innervates the anterior and upper regions of the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity? | The anterior ethmoidal nn.
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| Which specific nerve innervates the lower and posterior regions of the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity? | Maxillary nerve from the sphenopalatine ganglion.
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| Which specific nerve innervates the skin of the vestibule of the nasal cavity? | The infraorbital nerve (V2).
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| Which two general vessels supply the walls of the nasal cavity with blood? | The external and internal carotid aa.
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| Which specific vessels supply the anterior and upper regions of the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity? | The anterior and posterior ethmoidal aa. off the ophthalmic a. (internal carotid).
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| Which specific vessels supply the lower and posterior regions of the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity? | The sphenopalatine and greater palatine br. off the maxillary a. (external carotid).
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| Which specific artery supplies the skin of the vestibule of the nasal cavity? | The superior labial aa. off the facial (external carotid).
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| How do the larger vessels and nerves that supply the posterior and lower regions of the medial and lateral walls of the nasal cavity gain access to the cavity? | Through the sphenopalatine foramen.
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| site of drainage of the frontal sinus | hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus
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| site of drainage of the maxillary sinus | hiatus semilunaris of middle meatus; Ethmoidal air cells Sphenoid sinus: sphenoethmoidal recess.
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| site of drainage of the ethmoidal air cells | (anterior) hiatus semilunaris; (middle) bulla ethmoidalis of middle meatus; (posterior) superior meatus;
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| site of drainage of the sphenoid sinus | sphenoethmoidal recess.
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