NWHSU HISTO 1 FINAL
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This muscle type is cylindrical shaped. | show 🗑
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This muscle type is spindle shaped. | show 🗑
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This muscle type is branched (Y) shaped. | show 🗑
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This muscle type has the the biggest cells. | show 🗑
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This muscle type is medium sized. | show 🗑
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| show | Cardiac
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| show | All 3
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) has 1 nuclei. | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal
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| show | Skeletal
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| show | Smooth and Cardiac
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) exhibit(s) striation. | show 🗑
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| show | Smooth
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| show | Skeletal and Cardiac
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) have myofilaments. | show 🗑
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| show | Thick-Myosin
Thin-Actin, Tropomyosin, Troponin
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| show | Cardiac and Smooth
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| show | Smooth
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, None This muscle types function is locomotion. | show 🗑
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| show | Smooth
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, None This muscle types function is to contract to pump blood. | show 🗑
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| show | Smooth and Cardiac
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| show | Skeletal
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| show | Skeletal-attached to skeleton (Platysma muscle)
Smooth-Vasculature, arteries, hollow viscera, uterus, bladder, GI tract, Erector Pili
Cardiac-Only heart
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| show | Skeletal
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) has/have gap junctions to communicate between cells. | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal-Motor End Plates
Cardiac-Intercalated Disks
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) use(s) Ca++ mostly intracellular. | show 🗑
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| show | D-Ireg CT Epimysium
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| D-Ireg CT Perimysium, LCT Endomysium, D-Ireg CT Epimysium This CT is wrapped around a bundle of fibers. | show 🗑
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| show | LCT Endomysium
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| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac, All, None This/These muscle type(s) exhibit(s) endomysium. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) has/have fast contraction speed. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) has/have a strong aerobic metabolism. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) has/have lots of myoglobin, lots of mitochondria, and slow tonic contraction. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) has/have few myoglobin, few mitochondria, and has/have fast phasic contractions. | show 🗑
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| show | Red 1-Posture
Red 2-Endurance
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) is/are for short bursts of energy. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) have/has a weak aerobic metabolism. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) are found in back muscles. | show 🗑
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) are found in fingers, feet, arms, and legs. | show 🗑
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| show | Mixed Fibers (White and Red)
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| Red 1, Red 2, White 2, All, None This/These muscle fiber(s) contain(s) more succinate dehydrogenase+. (An enzyme specific to mitochondria) | show 🗑
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| CNS, PNS, Both, Neither This can recover from a major accident. | show 🗑
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| If CNS cannot recover after a CNS injury then how does a person recover from a stroke? | show 🗑
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| show | Flacid Peralisis
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| People with CNS injuries have ____ reflexes. Explain why? | show 🗑
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| show | 2 mm
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| True or False (Correct if wrong) Motor Unit=GSE axon and all the skeletal muscle cells it innervates. | show 🗑
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| show | False
(With pyramidal decussation)
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| show | True
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| show | False
(Postsynaptic and Postsynaptic)
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| True or False (Correct if wrong) Large motor units may innervate up to 2000 cells. | show 🗑
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| True or False (Correct if wrong) Small motor units may innervate as little as 1 muscle cell per axon. | show 🗑
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| When the sympathetic system innervates an artery and causes excitation (depolarization), which happens: vasodilation or vasoconstriction? | show 🗑
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| True or False (Correct if wrong) In smooth muscle thin filaments are attached to alpha-actinin. | show 🗑
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| This muscle type lacks sER which stores calcium within the scytoplasam. | show 🗑
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| How many spinal nerves are there and are they part of the PNS or CNS? | show 🗑
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| show | Unmyelinated axons
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| show | Dorsal Root-GSA
Ventral Root-GSE
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| Which is motor and which is sensory:Dorsal Root and Ventral Root | show 🗑
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| show | D1R and V1R are Both Motor and Sensory
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| show | Preganglionic sympathetic-T1-L2
Preganglionic parasympathetic-S2-S4
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| show | Back-D1R
Neck, trunk, and extremeties-V1R
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| show | autonomic-smooth muscle and glands
somatic-Skeletal muscle
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| True or false (Correct if wrong) The Autonomic Nervous System uses one neuron between the CNS and target organ while the Somatic Nervous System uses two neurons. | show 🗑
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| show | regulates a steady state or aids in protection
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| show | Walls and limbs
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| show | Neither
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| GSE, GVE, Both, Neither This is part of the PNS. | show 🗑
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| show | GSE
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| GSE, GVE, Both, Neither This inervates viscera, glands, smooth, and cardiac muscle. | show 🗑
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| GSE, GVE, Both, Neither This has 1 neuron from the CNS to PNS | show 🗑
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| GSE, GVE, Both, Neither This has pre and postganglionic Neurons. | show 🗑
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| S2-S4, Cranial Nerves to S1, brain stem Which are parasympathetic and which are sympathetic. | show 🗑
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| Preganglionic axons travel to the white ramus and postganglionic axons travel to the gray ramus. This is a reference to the myelinated and unmyelinated nature of the axons. Which is myelinated and which is not? | show 🗑
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| show | White Rami-T1-L2
Gray Rami-All Spinal Nerves
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| show | Preganglionic Neurons
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| These neurons always have their origin int he PNS:Preganglionic or Postganglionic | show 🗑
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| Sympathetics innervate erector pilli, sweat glands, and blood vessels while parasympathetics innervate what body wall? | show 🗑
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| show | Conduction
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| Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth Which have triads and which have diads? | show 🗑
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| Where are diads located? | show 🗑
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| Where are triads located? | show 🗑
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| Which has two terminal cisternae and which has one terminal cisterna: Dyads, Triads | show 🗑
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| Conduct action potential deep into cells because AP is the voltage change necessary to open the voltage dependent Ca++ channels in the ___. | show 🗑
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| Which muscle type has the most sER? | show 🗑
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| show | A-Band=Dark Band
I-Bnad=light band
M-line=line in the middle of H
H-Zone=lightest line in A band
Z-Line=darkest line in I band
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| show | I-thin
A-both
H-thick
Z-thin
M-thin
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| Which two get smaller when the muscle contracts? I, A, H, Z, M | show 🗑
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| show | A-Band
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| show | nerotransmitters
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| show | acetylcholine
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| Fast EPSPs may summate to threshold, causing voltage-gated ____ channels to open, thus resulting in action potential. | show 🗑
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| The calcium will bind the high affinity binding sites on _____ causing the tropomyosin to be removed from the active binding sites on _________. | show 🗑
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| show | Relaxation
Action Potential, Ca2+ pump, Actin filaments.
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| show | Calcium, actin, and tropomyosin
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| show | Triads-Skeletal (I/A Junction)
Dyads-Cardiac (Z line)
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| At rest K+ is slightly greater than K+ electrical gradient. This drives K+ ___ the cell through passive channels that best accomodate the K+ size. | show 🗑
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| show | into
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| Depolarization is teh decrease in the difference in charge between the inside and outside -70mV. This leads to EPSPs which are what? (less neg inside) | show 🗑
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| show | Inhibitory Post-Synaptic Potentials
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| show | Action Potential
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| Cell bodies are found in white and gray matter. True or false | show 🗑
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| show | Neurons-functional cells
neuroglial cells-supporting cells
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| show | Neuropil
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| What is the most common neuron? | show 🗑
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| CNS, PNS, Both, Neither Multipoloar Neurons | show 🗑
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| CNS, PNS, Both, Neither Psuedopolar neuron | show 🗑
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| Motor, Sensory, Both, Neither Multipolar neurons | show 🗑
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| Motor, Sensory, Both, Neither Psuedounipolar neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Pyramidal cell, perkinji cells, tract cells, Interneurons
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| show | Spinal Motor Neuron-GSE
Pre Post Ganglionic-GVE
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| show | Yes, branch at end.
Yes lots of dendrites and spines.
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| show | Yes, they branch right away.
No
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| Psuedounipolar neurons can contain more than 1 axon. True or false | show 🗑
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| Myelin is made by what cells in the PNS and what cells in the CNS? | show 🗑
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| show | Dendrites only
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| The axon hillock does what? | show 🗑
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| show | Nerotransmitters
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| Pyramidal and extrapyramidal neurons start in the cortex? True or false | show 🗑
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| show | GSE and GVE (Unconscious)
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| show | True
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| show | appendicular
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| Anterior Corticospinal tract does not cross at the decussation of pyramids and inervates which muscle:appendicular or axial | show 🗑
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| nissl substance is basophillic beause of Ribosomes. True or false | show 🗑
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| Satalite cells completely surround this while they are interupted in this:DRG, Autonomic Ganglion | show 🗑
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| show | Touch and proprio
Myelinated axons
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| Small cell bodies are for what? Are their axons myelinated or not? | show 🗑
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| show | DRG
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| DRG, Autonomic ganglion, Both, Neither These have interrupted satellite cells and a peripherally located nucleus. | show 🗑
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| show | Unconscious
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| Dorsal horn gray matter is sensory, motor, or both? | show 🗑
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| show | Motor
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| Axons, Astrocytes, and Oligodendrocytes are found in White, gray matter, or both? | show 🗑
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| show | Soma and perikaryon
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| CNS exhibits regular CT coverings like endo, peri and epineurium. True or false | show 🗑
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| The only point of confluence between PNS and CNS Ct is at the juncture between the epineurium of the ____ and the dura of the ____ | show 🗑
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| show | True
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| What increases the speed at which impulses are conducted and covers nerve fibers? | show 🗑
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| show | PNS (In the CNS they are bare)
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| show | Oligodendrocytes
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| What do nodes of Ranvier do? | show 🗑
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| Both myelinated and unmyelinated axons have nodes of ranvier. True or False | show 🗑
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| What are the two major difference of CNS and PNS Nodes of Ranvier? | show 🗑
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| The supporting cells of the nervous system are ____ cells. They do not carry action potential but provide supporting functions to neurons. | show 🗑
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| Neuroglial Cells in the CNS ____ repair while in the PNS neroglial cells such as schwann cells ____ repair. | show 🗑
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| show | Oligodendrocytes
40
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| These CNS neuroglial cells are the blood brain barrier. | show 🗑
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| These CNS neuroglial cells line the free surfaces to produce CSF. | show 🗑
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| These neuroglial cells are the CNS macrophages. | show 🗑
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| Protoplasmic astrocytes are ___ matter and fibrous astrocytes are _____ matter. | show 🗑
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| show | Microglia!
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| What are the two main PNS neuroglial cells? | show 🗑
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| Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Both, Neither Older? | show 🗑
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| show | Sympathetic
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| Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Both, Neither Regulates and protects | show 🗑
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| Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Both, Neither No components of spinal nerves | show 🗑
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| show | Sympathetic
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| show | Sympathetic
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| show | Sympathetic
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| Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, Both, Neither Erector pili muscles are innervated by | show 🗑
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| Multipolar, Pseudounipolar, Both, Neither Peripheral process (axon) carries action potential toward the CNS | show 🗑
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| show | Pseudounipolar
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| Multipolar, Pseudounipolar, Both, Neither All ____ cells are derived from the neural crest. | show 🗑
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| Multipolar, Pseudounipolar, Both, Neither Cell bodies of autonomic neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Excitatory
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| show | Inhibitory
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| show | Excitatory
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| show | Excitatory
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| show | Excitatory
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| Excitatory NTX's, Inhibitory NTX's, Both, Neither Create hyperpolarizing currents | show 🗑
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| show | Inhibitory
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| show | GSA
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| show | GSE
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| GSA, GSE, Both, Neither Nerve cell body is in ventral horn of spinal cord | show 🗑
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| GSA, GSE, Both, Neither Nerve cell body is in dorsal root ganglia | show 🗑
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| show | GSA
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| show | GSA
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| Final common pathway GSA, GSE, Both, Neither | show 🗑
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| show | GSA
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| Ependymal cell layer, mantle layer, marginal zone, none of the above. White matter is in this area | show 🗑
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| Ependymal cell layer, mantle layer, marginal zone, none of the above. Grey matter is in this area | show 🗑
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| Ependymal cell layer, mantle layer, marginal zone, none of the above. Development of Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes | show 🗑
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| show | Marginal Zone
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| show | Mantle layer
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| show | Sensory/dorsal root
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| Autonomic Ganglia, Sensory/dorsal root ganglia, both , neither. eccentric nucleus | show 🗑
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| Autonomic Ganglia, Sensory/dorsal root ganglia, both , neither. Multipolar neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Autonomic ganglia
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| show | Sensory/dorsal root ganglia
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| Autonomic Ganglia, Sensory/dorsal root ganglia, both , neither. Few satalite cells | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrous
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| show | Protoplasmic
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| show | Fibrous
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| show | Protoplasmic
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| Which of the following are not derivatives of the neural crest? Schwann cells, Satellite cells, psudounipolar neurons, multipolar neurons, autonomic neuron system, spinal ganglia, autonomic ganglia | show 🗑
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| The nerve cell body contains all except... Axon hillock, dendrite, nucleus, cytoplasm | show 🗑
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| Which one of these is NOT considered an astrocyte? Fibrous, Protoplasmic, perineuronal | show 🗑
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| Which is not considered inhibitory NTX? Dopamine, Epinepherine, glycine | show 🗑
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| GVA, GVE, Both, Neither. Sympathetic and parasympathetic | show 🗑
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| show | GVE
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| show | GVA
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| show | GVA
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| GVA, GVE, Both, Neither. Multipolar neurons | show 🗑
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| show | GVA
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| show | GVA
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| show | GVE
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| GVA, GVE, Both, Neither. Developed from the mantle zone | show 🗑
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