Chapter 10 - Database Management
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Restrictions that establish who can enter new data, change existing data, delete unwanted data, and view data in a database. | access privileges
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| Information that is available when the decision maker needs it. | accessible information
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| Information that is error free. | accurate information
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| Copy of a database file after changes were made. | after image
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| Validity check that ensures users enter only alphabetic data in a field. | alphabetic check
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| Text that can include letters, numbers, or special characters. | alphanumeric
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| Each data element in an object. Also called a property. | attribute
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| Application that supports a front-end program. | back end
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| Duplicate or copy of a file, program, or disk that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed. | backup
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| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period, such as an hour. See also rollback. | backward recovery
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| Copy of a database file before changes were made. | before image
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| Binary large object. | BLOB
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| Consisting of Yes or No, or True or False, values. | Boolean
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| Program that manages the sending and receiving of data between the front end and the database server. | CGI (Common Gateway Interface) script
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| A number, letter, punctuation mark, or other symbol that is represented by a single byte in the ASCII and EBCDIC coding schemes. | character
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| Validity check consisting of a number(s) or character(s) that is appended to or inserted in a primary key value. | check digit
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| Web databases where users store and share photos, videos, recordings, and other personal media with other registered users. | collaborative databases
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| Term used by users of relational databases for field. | column
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| Validity check that verifies that a required field contains data. | completeness check
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| Primary key that consists of multiple fields. | composite key
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| Database that stores data about engineering, architectural, and scientific designs. | computer-aided design (CAD) database
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| Validity check that tests the data in two or more associated field to ensure that the relationship is logical and their data is in the correct format. | consistency check
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| Backup plan in which all data is backed up whenever a change is made. | continuous backup
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| Information that gives more value than it costs to produce. | cost-effective information
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| Collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video. | data
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| A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files. See also repository. | data dictionary
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| Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database. See also form. | data entry form
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| Collection of related records stored on a storage medium such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD. | data file
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| The quality of data that is entered in a database. | data integrity
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| Smaller version of a data warehouse that contains a database that helps a specific group or department make decisions. | data mart
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| Process used with data warehouses to find patterns and relationships among data. | data mining
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| Rules and standards that define how a database organizes data. | data model
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| Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data, including proper placement of fields, defining the relationships among data, and identifying users’ access privileges. See also database analyst (DA). | data modeler
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| Specifies the kind of data a field in a database can contain and how the field can be used. | data type
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| Huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions. | data warehouse
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| Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access retrieval, and use of that data. | database
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| Person who creates and maintains the data dictionary, manages security of a database, monitors the performance of a database, and checks backup and recovery procedures. | database administrator (DBA)
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| Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data, including proper placement of fields, defining the relationships among data, and identifying users’ access privileges. See also data modeler. | database analyst (DA)
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| System used to store and manage data in which many programs and users share the data in a database. | database approach
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| Program that allows user to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data in the database, sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports from the data in the database. See also database software. | database management system (DBMS)
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| Computer that stores and provides access to a database. | database server
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| Program that allows user to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data in the database, sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports from the data in the database. See also database management system (DBMS). | database software
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| Value that a DBMS initially displays in a field. | default value
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| Database in which the data exists in many separate locations throughout a network or the Internet. | distributed database
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| Electronic form used as a means to secure data while it is transported across a network. | e-form
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| A form that sends entered data across a network or the Internet. | electronic form
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| A combination of one or more related characters or bytes, a field is the smallest unit of data a user accesses. | field
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| Name that uniquely identifies each field in a database. | field name
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| Defines the maximum number of characters a field can contain. | field size
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| Procedures that keep data current. | file maintenance
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| System used to store and manage data in which each department or area within an organization has its own set of files. | file processing system
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| Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database. See also data entry form. | form
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| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to a database since the last save or backup. See also rollforward. | forward recovery
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| Program that generally has a more user-friendly interface than a DBMS. | front end
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| Computing phrase that points out the accuracy of a computer’s output depends on the accuracy of the input. | garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
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| Geographic information system. Type of database that stores maps and other geographic data. | GIS
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| Database that stores documents such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports. | groupware database
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| The multiple dimensions in which data is stored in a multidimensional database. | hypercube
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| Database that contains text, graphics, video, and sound. | hypermedia database
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| Database that contains text links to other types of documents. | hypertext database
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| Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people. | information
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| Listing of activities that change the contents of a database. | log
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| Detailed data in a data dictionary about the data in a database. | metadata
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| Database that stores data in dimensions. | multidimensional database
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| Database that stores images, audio clips, and/or video clips. | multimedia database
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| Process designed to ensure the data within the relations (tables) in a database contains the least amount of duplication. | normalization
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| Validity check that ensures users enter only numeric data in a field | numeric check
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| Database item that contains data, as well as the actions that read or process the data. | object
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| Query language used with object-oriented and object-relational databases to manipulate and retrieve data. See also OQL. | object query language (OQL)
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| Database that stores data in objects. | object-oriented database (OODB)
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| Databases that combine features of the relational and object-oriented data models. | object-relational databases
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| Information that is arranged to suit the needs and requirements of the decision maker. | organized information
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| Field in a database that uniquely identifies each record in a file. | primary key
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| Policy adopted by some organizations, where users' access privileges are limited to the lowest level necessary to perform required tasks. | principle of least privilege
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| Request for specific data from a database. | query
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| DBMS feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data. | query by example (QBE)
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| Language used with databases that consists of simple, English-like statements that allows users to specify the data to display, print, or store. | query language
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| Validity check that determines whether a number is within a specified range. | range check
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| Group of related fields in a database. | record
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| DBMS feature that uses logs and/or backups to restore a database when it becomes damaged or destroyed. | recovery utility
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| Term used by developers of relational databases for file. | relation
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| Database that stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns, with each row having a primary key and each column having a unique name. | relational database
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| Link within the data in a database. | relationship
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| DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report. See also report writer. | report generator
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| DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report. See also report generator. | report writer
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| A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files. See also data dictionary. | repository
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| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period, such as an hour. See also backward recovery. | rollback
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| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to the database since the last save or backup. See also forward recovery. | rollforward
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| Term used by users of relational databases for record. | row
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| Query language used with databases that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data. | Structured Query Language (SQL)
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| Term used by users of relational databases for file. | table
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| Information that has an age suited to its use. | timely information
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| Term used by developers of relational databases for record. | tuple
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| Information that has meaning to the person who receives it. | useful information
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| Process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct. | validation
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| Check that analyzes entered data to help ensure that it is correct. See also validity check. | validation rules
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| Check that analyzes entered data to help ensure that it is correct. See also validation rules. | validity check
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| Information that can be proven as correct or incorrect. | verifiable information
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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