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DC1-10
Chapter 10 - Database Management
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Restrictions that establish who can enter new data, change existing data, delete unwanted data, and view data in a database. | access privileges |
| Information that is available when the decision maker needs it. | accessible information |
| Information that is error free. | accurate information |
| Copy of a database file after changes were made. | after image |
| Validity check that ensures users enter only alphabetic data in a field. | alphabetic check |
| Text that can include letters, numbers, or special characters. | alphanumeric |
| Each data element in an object. Also called a property. | attribute |
| Application that supports a front-end program. | back end |
| Duplicate or copy of a file, program, or disk that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed. | backup |
| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period, such as an hour. See also rollback. | backward recovery |
| Copy of a database file before changes were made. | before image |
| Binary large object. | BLOB |
| Consisting of Yes or No, or True or False, values. | Boolean |
| Program that manages the sending and receiving of data between the front end and the database server. | CGI (Common Gateway Interface) script |
| A number, letter, punctuation mark, or other symbol that is represented by a single byte in the ASCII and EBCDIC coding schemes. | character |
| Validity check consisting of a number(s) or character(s) that is appended to or inserted in a primary key value. | check digit |
| Web databases where users store and share photos, videos, recordings, and other personal media with other registered users. | collaborative databases |
| Term used by users of relational databases for field. | column |
| Validity check that verifies that a required field contains data. | completeness check |
| Primary key that consists of multiple fields. | composite key |
| Database that stores data about engineering, architectural, and scientific designs. | computer-aided design (CAD) database |
| Validity check that tests the data in two or more associated field to ensure that the relationship is logical and their data is in the correct format. | consistency check |
| Backup plan in which all data is backed up whenever a change is made. | continuous backup |
| Information that gives more value than it costs to produce. | cost-effective information |
| Collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video. | data |
| A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files. See also repository. | data dictionary |
| Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database. See also form. | data entry form |
| Collection of related records stored on a storage medium such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD. | data file |
| The quality of data that is entered in a database. | data integrity |
| Smaller version of a data warehouse that contains a database that helps a specific group or department make decisions. | data mart |
| Process used with data warehouses to find patterns and relationships among data. | data mining |
| Rules and standards that define how a database organizes data. | data model |
| Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data, including proper placement of fields, defining the relationships among data, and identifying users’ access privileges. See also database analyst (DA). | data modeler |
| Specifies the kind of data a field in a database can contain and how the field can be used. | data type |
| Huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions. | data warehouse |
| Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access retrieval, and use of that data. | database |
| Person who creates and maintains the data dictionary, manages security of a database, monitors the performance of a database, and checks backup and recovery procedures. | database administrator (DBA) |
| Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data, including proper placement of fields, defining the relationships among data, and identifying users’ access privileges. See also data modeler. | database analyst (DA) |
| System used to store and manage data in which many programs and users share the data in a database. | database approach |
| Program that allows user to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data in the database, sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports from the data in the database. See also database software. | database management system (DBMS) |
| Computer that stores and provides access to a database. | database server |
| Program that allows user to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data in the database, sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports from the data in the database. See also database management system (DBMS). | database software |
| Value that a DBMS initially displays in a field. | default value |
| Database in which the data exists in many separate locations throughout a network or the Internet. | distributed database |
| Electronic form used as a means to secure data while it is transported across a network. | e-form |
| A form that sends entered data across a network or the Internet. | electronic form |
| A combination of one or more related characters or bytes, a field is the smallest unit of data a user accesses. | field |
| Name that uniquely identifies each field in a database. | field name |
| Defines the maximum number of characters a field can contain. | field size |
| Procedures that keep data current. | file maintenance |
| System used to store and manage data in which each department or area within an organization has its own set of files. | file processing system |
| Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database. See also data entry form. | form |
| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to a database since the last save or backup. See also rollforward. | forward recovery |
| Program that generally has a more user-friendly interface than a DBMS. | front end |
| Computing phrase that points out the accuracy of a computer’s output depends on the accuracy of the input. | garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) |
| Geographic information system. Type of database that stores maps and other geographic data. | GIS |
| Database that stores documents such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports. | groupware database |
| The multiple dimensions in which data is stored in a multidimensional database. | hypercube |
| Database that contains text, graphics, video, and sound. | hypermedia database |
| Database that contains text links to other types of documents. | hypertext database |
| Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people. | information |
| Listing of activities that change the contents of a database. | log |
| Detailed data in a data dictionary about the data in a database. | metadata |
| Database that stores data in dimensions. | multidimensional database |
| Database that stores images, audio clips, and/or video clips. | multimedia database |
| Process designed to ensure the data within the relations (tables) in a database contains the least amount of duplication. | normalization |
| Validity check that ensures users enter only numeric data in a field | numeric check |
| Database item that contains data, as well as the actions that read or process the data. | object |
| Query language used with object-oriented and object-relational databases to manipulate and retrieve data. See also OQL. | object query language (OQL) |
| Database that stores data in objects. | object-oriented database (OODB) |
| Databases that combine features of the relational and object-oriented data models. | object-relational databases |
| Information that is arranged to suit the needs and requirements of the decision maker. | organized information |
| Field in a database that uniquely identifies each record in a file. | primary key |
| Policy adopted by some organizations, where users' access privileges are limited to the lowest level necessary to perform required tasks. | principle of least privilege |
| Request for specific data from a database. | query |
| DBMS feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data. | query by example (QBE) |
| Language used with databases that consists of simple, English-like statements that allows users to specify the data to display, print, or store. | query language |
| Validity check that determines whether a number is within a specified range. | range check |
| Group of related fields in a database. | record |
| DBMS feature that uses logs and/or backups to restore a database when it becomes damaged or destroyed. | recovery utility |
| Term used by developers of relational databases for file. | relation |
| Database that stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns, with each row having a primary key and each column having a unique name. | relational database |
| Link within the data in a database. | relationship |
| DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report. See also report writer. | report generator |
| DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report. See also report generator. | report writer |
| A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files. See also data dictionary. | repository |
| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period, such as an hour. See also backward recovery. | rollback |
| Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to the database since the last save or backup. See also forward recovery. | rollforward |
| Term used by users of relational databases for record. | row |
| Query language used with databases that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data. | Structured Query Language (SQL) |
| Term used by users of relational databases for file. | table |
| Information that has an age suited to its use. | timely information |
| Term used by developers of relational databases for record. | tuple |
| Information that has meaning to the person who receives it. | useful information |
| Process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct. | validation |
| Check that analyzes entered data to help ensure that it is correct. See also validity check. | validation rules |
| Check that analyzes entered data to help ensure that it is correct. See also validation rules. | validity check |
| Information that can be proven as correct or incorrect. | verifiable information |
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