A&P Corbit
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| Projection= | sensation seems to come from the area where receptors were stimulated, but actually 'sensed' in the brain
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| Intensity= | some sensations are felt to a greater degree than others
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| Contrast= | effect of a previous sensation on a current sensation
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| Adaptation= | becoming unaware of a stimulus
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| Referred pain = | originates in an internal organ and is felt in a cutaneous area (such as a patient having a heartattack and pain is felt in the arm)
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| What is the purpose of eyelashes | help prevent dust and particles out of the eyes
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| Lacrimal = | tears
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| Tears contain | lysozyme which help prevent infections
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| Tears are made up mainly of | water and salt
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| How many extrinsic muscles are attached to the outer surface of each eye | 6
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| Sclera= | white of the eye
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| Cornea = | 1st part of the eye that refracts light. Anterior portion of the sclera
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| Conjunctiva = | membrane that lines the eyelids & covers part of the outer surface of the eyeball
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| The lens changes shape to allow for | accommodation
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| The shape of the lens is changed by the | ciliary muscle
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| The "colored part" of the eye is the | iris
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| The rounded opening in the iris is the | pupil
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| PERRLA | pupils equal regular react to light and accommodation
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| The inner layer of the eye is the | retina
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| Rods respond to | light
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| cones respond to | color
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| Optic disk is known as your | blind spot
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| Define night blindness and one of the major causes | inability to see in dim light; lack of vitamin A
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| Define fovea | a point of greatest visual acuity
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| Where is the fovea located | macula
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| In macular degeneration, the patient loses what part of the eyesight | central vision
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| Opacity of the lens is | a cataract
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| Is there a medical treatment for a cataract? | no
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| Removal of the cataract may restore useful vision. This involves removal of the | lens
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| IOL= | Intraocular lens
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| IOP= | Intraocular pressure
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| Glaucoma is due to increased ... | intraocular pressure
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| myopia= | near sightedness
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| hyperopia= | far sightedness
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| astigmatism= | irregular curvature of the lens or cornea
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| presbyopia= | old sightedness after 40
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| Strabismus= | crossed eyes
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| Amblyopia= | lazy eye
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| Emmetropia= | normal vision
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| hemianopia= | half vision; may been seen in patients who have had a CVA
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| contains receptors for hearing and equilibrium | ear
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| Outer (external) ear consists of the | pinna and the external auditory canal (or auricle---the part we usually call our ear)
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| What is at the end of the external auditory canal | tympanic membrane, which vibrates when sound strikes it
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| Ceruminous glands secrete | cerumen (medical term for ear wax)
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| A middle ear infections is known as | otitis media
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| What connects the middle ear cavity with the throat (pharynx) | Eustachian tube
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| What is the purpose of the Eustachian tube | to equalize the pressure within the ear (on both sides of the tympanic membrane)
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| What is within the cochlea | Organ of Corti
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| The Organ of Corti is known as | organ of hearing
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| The inner ear contains the | equilibrium apparatus and the cochlea
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| Utricle and saccule - | contains hair cells; gravity pulls and bends as the position of the head changes; so, the help with equilibrium
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| How many semicircular canals | 3
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| semicircular canels detect motion and also | maintain equilibrium
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| The utricle and saccule provide information about.... | the position of the body rest
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| Semicircular canals provide information about... | the body in motion
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| Sound waves are blocked. May be temporary or permanent. What type of deafness is this | Conductive
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| Which type of deafness is often due to listening to excessively loud music | Sensory neural
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| presbycusis= |
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| tinnitus = | ringing of the ears
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| vertigo= | dizziness
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| syncope= | fainting
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| olfaction= | sense of smell
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| gustation= | sense of taste
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| Where are the sweet taste buds found | tip of the tongue
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| Where are the sour tastebuds found | side of the tongue
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| Where are the bitter taste buds found | back of the tongue
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| Where are the salty taste buds found | just back from the tip of the tongue
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| Hunger and thirst are visceral (internal) sensations meaning | triggered by internal changes
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| The eyes do not work together because muscles do not coordinate in | strabismus
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| The process of bending, which makes it possiable for light from a large area to be focused on a small surface is known as | refraction
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| Injury or infection of the cornea may cause scar formation. Light rays cannot pass through the scar because there is now an area of | opacity
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| The secreation of tears is called | lacrimation
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