Chapter 8
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| What is the minimum number of Supreme Court justices that have served at any one time? | 6
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| The Judiciary Act did which of the following? | created a three-tiered federal court structure
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| Which of the following statements accurately describes the Supreme Court's early history? | The Supreme Court met in a variety of places.
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| The Supreme Court is the court of highest authority in the federal judiciary. What two types of lower courts complete the basic structure of the federal court system? | trial courts and appellate courts
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| Which of the following describes a role of the Supreme Court? | resolve disputes among the lower federal courts
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| How many circuit courts of appeals make up the U.S. Courts of Appeals? | There are 12 regional circuit courts of appeals and one U.S. Court of Appeals for the federal circuit.
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| How many judicial districts comprise the U.S. District Courts? | 94
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| Which states make up the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals? | Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi
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| Which of the following would fall into the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court? | a decision made in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
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| What does the Supreme Court consider when hearing a case on appeal? | application of the law
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| Which of the following hears the most cases per year? | the state trial courts
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| By what means was the Supreme Court's power first significantly increased? | Marbury v. Madison
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| Judicial review allows the Supreme Court to do all EXCEPT which of the following? | overturn presidential vetoes
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| Which of the following allows Congress to check the power of the Supreme Court? | the power to amend
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| The Supreme Court's powers are limited in which of the following ways? | It cannot choose which cases enter the judicial system AND it cannot implement its own decisions.
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| According to the text, when did the Supreme Court face particular difficulty in enforcing its rulings? | desegregation
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| What percentage of cases submitted does the Supreme Court actually hear? | less than 1 percent
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| In order for a case to reach the Supreme Court, it needs to meet which of the following criteria? | The parties must be able to prove personal or economic injury.
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| What is the first step a case on appeal goes through in its journey to the Supreme Court? | A petition for a writ of certiorari is filed.
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| What happens during the oral argument stage of cases heard before the Supreme Court? | Justices ask questions not answered in the briefs.
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| The chief justice possesses influence over cases heard by the Supreme Court in which of the following capacities? | He can act as a tiebreaker.
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| When might a Supreme Court justice write a concurring opinion? | when the justice disagrees with the Court's reasoning
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| Who is permitted to submit amicus curiae briefs to the Supreme Court? | both interest groups AND the solicitor general
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| Which of the following might a president consider when taking into account a commitment to diversity in selecting a Supreme Court nominee? | religious affiliation
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| How can a judge be removed from office? | through impeachment by the House and conviction by the Senate
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| If every spot were vacant, approximately how many opportunities to appoint federal judges could a president have? | more than 800
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| The legislature can influence the judicial nomination process through which of the following means? | Senatorial courtesy, Senate confirmation, impeachment, and Senate Judiciary Committee approval
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| Senatorial courtesy is BEST described as which of the following? | presidential consultation with the senators from a federal district court nominee's home state
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| What is the third step to filling a Supreme Court vacancy? | The Senate Judiciary Committee holds hearings.
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| The current Supreme Court justices are primarily of which of the following religious affiliations? | Catholic
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| According to the text, why did Judge Robert Bork receive such severe treatment during Senate confirmation proceedings? | the likelihood of the Court overturning Roe v. Wade
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| President Barack Obama replaced which of the following Supreme Court justices? | both David Souter AND John Paul Stevens
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| Justice Ginsburg's opinion in U.S. v. Virginia reflected which of the following? | her commitment to gender equality
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| Who equated cross burning with terrorism in Virginia v. Black? | Justice Thomas
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| Proponents of judicial restraint would tend to have which of the following characteristics? | respect for the roles of the other branches of government
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| Alexander Hamilton argued that the judicial branch had which of the following powers? | judgment
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| The anti-Federalists would have supported which of the following? | judicial restraint
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| What is political ideology? | beliefs on the scope and function of government
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| The decisions issued in District of Columbia v. Heller reflect which of the following? | The majority opinion reflected a literal interpretation of the Second Amendment
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| The Supreme Court appears to be susceptible to which of the following? | cultural change, amicus curiae briefs, public opinion, and political context generally.
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| What did the Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas reflect? | a tendency for the Court's position to follow cultural shifts regarding sexual orientation
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| Jim Crow laws were upheld by the Supreme Court for how long? | 60 years
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