Chapter 5
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| Article I | addresses the Legislative Branch; placed first to emphasize the importance as being the branch for the people
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| To serve in the House of Representatives | 25 years old
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| To serve in the House of Representatives | a citizen for at least 7 years
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| To serve in the House of Representatives | a resident in the state they wish to serve
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| To serve in the Senate | 30 years old
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| To serve in the Senate | a resident in the state they wish to serve
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| To serve in the Senate | a citizen for at least 9 years
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| U.S. Constitution further stipulates | at least one representative in the House and two senators in the Senate
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| 17th Amendment | 1913, which established the direct election of senators
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| Americans elect all members of the House | every 2 years
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| reelection for the members of the Senate | every 6 years
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| The powers of Congress are described in | Article I, section 8 of the Constitution
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| necessary and proper clause or the elastic clause | Section 8
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| Which portion of the Constitution gives Congress the power to make laws? | necessary and proper clause
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| Who serves as President of the Senate? | Vice President
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| The House of Representatives has the sole authority to exercise which of the following constitutional powers? | impeach certain executive branch officials and any federal judge including a member of the U.S. Supreme Court
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| The Senate has the sole power to exercise which of the following constitutional powers? | ratify treaties and try impeached executive branch officials and federal judges
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| To convict during an impeachment trial, how many of senators present in the legislative body need to vote for conviction? | Two-thirds of the senators present
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| What constitutes a quorum to do business in each chamber of Congress? | A majority of the respective members of each chamber of Congress
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| The constitutional power granted to Congress “To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers” is known as the: | necessary and proper clause or the elastic clause
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| representation in the House is | apportioned according to population
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| representation in the Senate | is apportioned equally among the states
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| House is composed of | 435 members
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| Senate has | 100 members
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| House | stronger party leadership structure
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| Senate | likened to "herding cats."
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| The House is granted the sole power to | originate revenue bills by introducing tax legislation
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| The House is also given the power to | initiate impeachment proceedings
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| Senate's | checked by the power to try impeachment cases
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| Senate | uniquely retains the power to approve major presidential appointments
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| Senate | to ratify treaties
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| Which of the following members of Congress would represent the greatest number of constituents? | A senator from California
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| According to the text, senators tend to be which of the following? | issue generalists
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| Baker v. Carr | (1962) the Supreme Court decided that it would regularly require and oversee redistricting characteristics such as class, race, or partisanship as primary factors in structuring congressional district lines
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| When did Congress pass a bill to limit its size? | 1929
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| Which of the following provides the basis for proportional representation in our national legislature? | decennial census
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| The deliberate manipulation of district lines for electoral advantage is known as what? | gerrymandering
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| When did the Supreme Court decide to review the redistricting process in order to prevent exploitation of the system? | Baker v. Carr
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| Only a member of Congress | may introduce a bill
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| Senate | Bills are introduced on the floor during the "Morning Hour."
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| Senate | bill is directed to committee and subcommittee
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| Senate | lacks a Rules Committee, so once a bill is brought to the Senate floor, any amendment may be debated and added
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| House of Representatives | this requires that the bill be dropped in the Hopper
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| House of Representatives | The bill is then numbered and printed by the Clerk of the House
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| House of Representatives | Under the guidance of the Speaker, the bill is then sent to the appropriate committee (or committees, through multiple referral) for review and discussion.
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| House of Representatives | The committee chair considers the bill and directs it to the relevant subcommittee
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| House of Representatives | the subcommittee chair reviews the bill and schedules public hearings to invite witness testimony on the bill before members of the committee engage in a "markup" session to edit and revise questionable provisions of the bill
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| House of Representatives | vote is taken by the subcommittee, the bill returns to the full committee for hearings, markups, and a vote
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| House of Representatives | passed by the full committee, the bill is "reported" to the full chamber of the House
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| House of Representatives | processed through the Rules Committee (a body unique to the House) and given a "rule"—the parameters for debate on the House floor, including time limits and allowable amendment activity
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| House of Representatives | The Speaker's office then schedules the bill for debate on the House floor
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| House of Representatives | If the bill is passed by the full House after debate and amendment, it is sent to the Senate for approval.
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| Filibusters can only be ended by the procedure of | cloture
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| cloture | requires 60 votes
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| Pocket veto | If the president has not signed the bill before Congress adjourns, the bill does not become law and is effectively vetoed
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| How many bills are generally introduced in each Congress? | Thousands
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| Which of the following is the first to see a bill after it is proposed? | Clerk of the House
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| At which point is a bill sent to the Senate for approval? | when it has been passed by the full House following debate and amendment
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| Which of the following is unique to the Senate bill review process? | potential for filibuster
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| Where does most of the legislative work occur? | congressional committees
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| How many bills are favorably reported out of committee and considered by the full House and Senate? | 1 out of 6
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| The Rules Committee exists | House of Representatives
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| What vote margin in the House and the Senate is required for Congress to override a presidential veto? | Congress needs a 2/3
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| Where do we find the roots of political parties? | Federalist and anti-Federalist debate
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| Which of the following is specified in the Constitution? | enumerated powers of Congress
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| House | institutional leader is the Speaker
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| The Speaker | is also the second in line—after the vice president—to assume executive office upon the death or disability of the president.
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| The institutional leader of the Senate is the | vice president
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| The senator who constitutionally serves in the vice president's absence is the | president pro tempore
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| Who is the institutional leader of the House? | The Speaker
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| When does the vice president vote? | in the event of a tie in the Senate.
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| What is a primary function of whips within Congress? | enforce party discipline
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| Standing committees are those committees that | persist from one Congress to the next
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| Standing committees | authorize legislation, and others appropriate the funds necessary to pay for the new policies and programs called for by the legislation.
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| Conference committees are unique in that they are | temporary—they only form at the end of the legislative process to reconcile differences between the House and Senate versions of a bill
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| Joint committees serve to oversee and evaluate | issues of mutual interest pertaining to congressional administration and policy development
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| select, special, or ad hoc committee | These are usually temporary committees established to perform specific duties for Congress, like conducting investigations
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| Which of the following is considered a standing committee? | The Rules Committee
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| When might a conference committee form? | end of the legislative process
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| Which of the following describes the Committee on Homeland Security? | initially a select or ad hoc committee, and was turned into a standing or permanent committee in 2003
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| Which of the following can influence whether a member is selected for a committee assignment? | Demographic profile, personal expertise, party loyalty, and seniority
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| Which of the following had an impact on the process of passing the health care reform bill? | concerns about constituents, coalitions within the Democratic Party, pressure from President Obama, and pressure from Republicans
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| Which of the following would generally be considered the PRIMARY personal goal of most members of Congress? | Winning reelection
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| Which of the following would be considered an institutional norm developed in Congress? | Reciprocity
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| Which of the following statements regarding interest groups and lobbyists is MOST accurate? | Interest groups supply legislators with position papers and memos.
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| Congress is made up of how many elected members? | 535
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| The anti-Federalists worried about which of the following? | both a small Senate and representing the people of America
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| In which of the following categories is Congress most representative of the U.S. population at large? | Protestant affiliation
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| Which of the following would be an accurate statement regarding women in Congress? | Membership in the U.S. Congress reflects the average membership of women in parliaments around the world
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| What is the most common professional background among members of Congress? | law
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| Membership in Congress can be generally described as which of the following? | "old white guys."
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| If we consider a member of Congress to be acting as a delegate, the member is doing which of the following? | he member is following the will of his or her constituency
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| If Representative Jeff Miller voted for President George W. Bush's financial bailout package against the will of his constituents, we would say that he was doing which of the following? | acting as a trustee
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| Spending for district-specific projects is known as which of the following? | earmarking
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