learning objectives for development of the face
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| List the 5 primordia that the face will develop from. | Paired mandibular prominences; paired maxillary prominences and a single frontonasal prominence.
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| How is the upper lip formed? | Merging of the maxillary prominences with the medial nasal prominences
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| What do the lateral nasal prominences form? | The alae or sides of the nose.
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| Merging of the medial nasal prominences forms? | An intermaxillary segment
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| List the 3 parts of the intermaxillary segment | Labial component (forming the philtrum of the upper lip); maxillary component (associated with the 4 upper incisor teeth); and a palatal component (the primary palate)
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| What do the mandibular prominences form? | Fuse medially to form the lower lip, chin and mandible
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| The nasal cavity forms from extodermal thickenings referred to at? | Nasal placodes
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| The nasal cavity forms by this phenomenon | The nasal placodes recede into nasal pits which further deepen into deep nasal sacs
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| What structure separates the nasal and oral cavities posteriorly? | Oronasal membrane
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| The palate is composed of two parts what are they? What does each part arise from? | Anterior part – median palatine process; posterior part – lateral palatine processes
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| What forms the primary palate; the secondary palate? | The primary palate arise from the median palatine process while the secondary palate develops from the 2 lateral palatine processes
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| What does the incisive foramen represent? | The division between the two parts of the palate – primary and secondary.
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| List the two parts of the formed tongue | Anterior 2/3 (oral part) and posterior 1/3 (pharyngeal part)
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| What does the anterior 2/3rd arise from? | Two lateral lingual swellings (distal tongue buds) and the median tongue bud (tuberculum impar).
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| What separates the two halves of the anterior 2/3rds? And the anterior 2/3 from the posterior 1/3? | Median sulcus, terminal sulcus
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| From what 2 structures does the posterior 1/3 of the tongue develop? | The copula and the hypobranchial eminence
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| From where does the hypobranchial eminence arise? | The 2nd, 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arches
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| What does the foramen cecum represent? | The opening of the thyroglossal duct – the site of the invagination of the thyroid gland from the tongue surface.
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