Vocab Flashcards
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| Renaissance | Period in history following the middle ages. it was known as a "Re-birth" of art and learning from the classical period of Greece and Rome.
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| Reformation | Period in world history following and encouraged by the Renaissance and it's spirit of discovery.
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| Machiavelli | Wrote "The Prince", stated that a ruler must do whatever he has to do to stay in power.
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| Da Vinci | He made sketches of nature and of models in his studio. He dissected corpses to learn how bones and muscles work. Renaissance man and inventor. Ex. Mona Lisa The Last Supper
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| Michelanglo | He was a sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, and poet. Ex. David Pieta
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| Raphael | Developed own style. Great artist of the Renaissance. Ex. Madonna The school of Athens
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| Origins of the Renaissance | Italian cit-states had money to support the arts
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| Movable type | Help print more books. Books were cheaper. Rapid spread of new ideas.
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| Utopia | Concept of a perfect society, written by Sir Thomas More.
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| Catholic Church corruptions | Popes competed with Italian princes for political power.Critics said it was too concerned with worldly power and riches. The church also fought to expand its own interests.
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| Galileo | Assembled an astronomical telescope. He observed that the 4 mooons of Jupiter move slowly around that planet and he also saw sunspots. Supporter of the Copernican theory of a Heliocentric universe.
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| Kepler | Used his calculations to support the Copernican theory.
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| Line of Demarcation | Gave Spain most of South America except Brazil, which went to Portugal.
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| Pizarro | Conquest to the Incas
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| Coronado | Explored American southwest
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| Balboa | Crossed Panama, reached pacific
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| Cortez | Conquests to the Aztecs
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| Diaz | Southern most tip of Africa
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| Aztec and Inca conquest | The Spanish had horses, guns and European diseases.
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| Middle Passage | A terrible voyage that the slaves had to cross the Atlantic Ocean
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| Philip II of Spain | Absolute monarch, ruled with complete authority.
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| Louis XIV | Inherited the throne in 1643. Ruled as an absolute monarch "I am the state".
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| Divine Rights of the Kings | Believed by James I, the right to rule comes directly form god.
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| Peter the Great | Waged war against the Ottoman Empire to gain a warm water port.
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| Montesquieu | Believed that power should be divided among three branches of government.
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| French Philosophy | Opposed religious prejudice and superstition.
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| Maria Antoinette | Married to Louis XVI
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| Olympe de Gouges | A journalist, demanded equal rights in her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the female citizens.
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| Lafayette | French aristocratic "Hero of two worlds" fought alongside George Washington. Led a middle class militia.
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| Bastille | Important symbol of change when it fell, July 14, 1789.
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| Robespierre | Known as the Incorruptible, would have supported the execution of Louis XIV, led the Cps and the Reign of Terror.
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| Nationalism | Strong feeling of pride in one's country.Not in one's ruler.
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| Congress of Vienna | Metternich, Goal was to restore traditional political and social order.
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| Adam Smith and Laissez-fair | Government should do nothing to interfere in the economy
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| Bismark | Sought German unification by taking military actions.
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| 2nd Reich | The German Empire
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| Count Camillo Cavour | Prime minister wanted to end Austrian power in Italy and annex Lombardy and Venetia.
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| Victor Emmanuel II | Constitutional monarch of Sardinia, later King of united Italy.
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| Red Shirts | Volunteers to help Garibaldi.Won control of Sicily.
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| Metternich | The prince of Austria, opposed a unified Italy.Dominant personality at the congress of Vienna.
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| "Sick man of Europe" | Collapse due to nationalism of different groups and the ambition of other European powers.
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| Ethnic Minorities | Slavic groups included Czechs, Slovaks, poles, Ukrainians, Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, often in the same.
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| Alexander II of Russia | Pattern of reform and repression,Sought to abolish serfdom.
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