Pharmacology chapter 10 Pulmonary Drugs
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| Many pulmonary medications are designed to make breathing easier by causing | bronchodilation and reducing inflammation
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| Common respiratory diseases that respond to bronchodilators include: | 1. Asthma. 2. Emphysema. 3. Chronic bronchitis.
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| Asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis are COPDs which stands for | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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| Many pulmonary medications are administered by inhalation via | MDI(Metered Dose Inhalers)
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| Administration of MDIs is measured in | puffs.
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| Common fast acting (short) bronchodilators include: | 1.albuterol AKA Proventil or Ventolin or ProAir 2.aminophylline (phylline= bronchodilator) 3.ephedrine 4.epinephrine AKA Primatene Mist 5.Alupent 6.Maxair 7.terbutaline AKA Brethine. 8.theophylline ("theo" = bronchdilator)AKA Elixophyllin or Theo-24.
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| Elixophyllin or Theo-24 (theophylline) may require TDM (therapeutic drug monitoring) because of a | narrow TI(therapeutic index)(not much room before it reaches the toxic level)
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| Common long acting bronchodilators include: | 9. Atrovent. 10. Serevent. 11. Dulera.
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| Long acting bronchodilators should never be used alone in the treatment of asthma and should be used for the | shortest duration of time.
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| Long duration is associated with an increased risk of | severe worsening of asthma symptoms.
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| Bronchodilator toxicity can occur if combined with | caffeine (coffee, tea, chocolate)
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| Leukotriene blockers reduce allergy related asthma and include | Singulair.
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| Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAIDs) designed to reduce the incidence of asthma include: | 1. Asmanex. 2. Pulmicort (cort=cortiosteroid) 3. Azmacort. 4. Flovent.
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| Medications containing a bronchodilator and SAID used to treat asthma include: | 1. Symbicort. 2. Advair. 3. Combivent.
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| albuterol AKA | Proventil or Ventolin or ProAir
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| epinephrine is AKA | Primatene Mist
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| terbutaline is AKA | Brethine
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| theophylline("theo") is AKA | Elixophyllin or Theo-24
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| A MDI medication to treat asthma and emphysema is | Spiriva.
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| A medication administered b.i.d.(twice a day) via nebulizer for the treatment of chronic bronchitis and emphysema is | Brovana.
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| Intradermal skin tests used to detect TB(turberculosis) exposure include: | 1. PPD. 2. Mantoux. 3. Tine.
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| Antituberculine (TB-turberculosis) medications include: | 1. INH AKA isoniazid. 2. Rifadin AKA rifampin. 3. Myambutol AKA ethambutol.
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| INH is AKA | isoniazid
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| Rifadin is AKA | rifampin
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| Myambutol is AKA | ethambutol
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| MDRTB stands for | Multi Drug Resistant TurBerculosis
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| Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) includes: | 1. Habitrol (patch). 2. Nicoderm (patch) 3. Nicorette. 4. Nicotrol.
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| NTP stands for | nicotine transdermal patch
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| Non-nicotine smoking cessation drugs include: | 1. clonidine AKA Catapres. 2. Zyban (ban on smoking). 3. Chantix.
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| Zyban (Wellbutrin) or Chantix can cause serious neuropsychiatric symptoms such as | changes in behavior, hostility, agitation, depressed mood, suicidal thoughts and behavior, and attempted suicide.
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| Mucolytics are used to | break up mucus in the lungs for easier expectoration(cough up)
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| A common mucolytic is | Mucomyst.
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| Mucomyst(inhale) (Acetadote - drink) is also used as an | APAP(acetaminophen) antagonist (deactivate/turn off the drug).
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| A common trade name for acetaminophen is | Tylenol.
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| Pneumovax is a | prophylaxis (preventive) for streptococcal pneumonia.
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