Cells/Membranes
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| Mitosis= | cell division
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| Cells were named by who? | Robert Hooke
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| The 4 elements of cells are? | carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
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| Cells are what % of water? | 60%
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| Cytology= | study of cells
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| When many metals are in there ionic form and carry an electric charge, what are they called? | electrolytes
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| Plasma membrane (cell membrane) are: | fragile, surrounds each cell
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| The nucleus is: | control center of the cell, contains genes
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| The cell membrane is? | selectively permeable (lets certain things in and lets certain things out
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| What is need for for protein manufacture? | nucleolus
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| What is necessary for cell repoduction? | DNA
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| What is the control center of the cell? | nucleus
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| Genes are contained in what? | nucleus
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| What does Microvilli do? | increase surface area, thus increasing the ability to absorb
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| Cytoplasm: | holds cell contents, contains organelles (little organs)
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| Cell membranes contains? | phospholipids and cholesterol
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| Ribosomes= | site of protein synthesis
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| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)= | is used for storage and transport
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| Rough endoplasmic reticulum function? | cells membrane factory
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| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum function? | lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs
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| Golgi apparatus= | secretes mucus
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| Lysosomes contain what type of enzyme? | digestive
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| Proteasomes do what? | destroy protein molecules which have been damaged or were needed for just a short time
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| Mitochondria do what? | supply most of the ATP
also referred to as power house
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| Centrioles do what? | help separate chromosomes in cell division
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| Cells contain cytoplasm also known as? | protoplasm (living matter}
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| Plasma membrane are: also known cell membrane | fragile, surround each cell
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| What are the 4 functions of proteins? | act as cell-to-cell recongnition, may serve as hormone receptors,help to form pores, serve as carriers
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| DNA is contained within the? | chromatin
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| DNA is absolutely needed for what? | cell reproduction
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| The cell membrane is? | selectively permeable (lets certain things in, lets certain thins out
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| The what is within the Nucleus and what does it contain? | Nucleolus, Contains DNA, RNA, and proteins
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| What is the nucleolus is needed for what? | protein manufacture
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| What site are ribosomes assembled? | nucleolus
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| What does cytoplasm do? | holds the cell contents, contains organelles "little organs", cell membranes contains phospholipids and cholestrol
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| Endoplasmic reticulum are used for? | storage and transport
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| Golgi apparatus does what? | secrete mucus
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| What does cilia do? | propel other substances along the cells surface
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| What do cilia look like? | small whiplike extensions
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| Flagellum does what? | propels the cell itself
projections are longer than cilia and are called flagella
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| Solvent= | substances present in larger amounts in a solution
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| Solute= | substance present in small amounts in a solution
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| Solution= | solvent + solute
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| Diffusion= | movement of molecules from area high concentration (of many collisions) to an area of low concentration (of fewer collisions)
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| Osmosis= | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
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| Filtration= | water and solutes forced through a membrane
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| Facilitated filtration= | water and solutes forced through a membrane with the help of protein
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| Phagocytosis= | cell eating (active)
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| Pinocytosis= | cell drinking (stationary)
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| What are the stages of Mitosis? | Prophase, Metaphase,Anaphase, Telophase
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| Benign= | noncancerous, cannot spread, may enlarged, treated by surgery or leave it alone
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| Malignant= | cancerous, can spread, treated by radiation, chemotherapy, surgery
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| Hyperplasia or hypertrophy= | increase in tissue size
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| Stem cell= | unspecialized cell that may become many different types of cells
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| Meiosis= | cell division of reproductive cells
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| Connective tissues do what? | connect and support
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| Epithelial tissue does what? | covers and lines the body surfaces, also avascular
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| What are the 4 functions of Epithelial tissues? | protection, filtration, absorption, secretion
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| Simple squamous epithelia= | single layer of cells
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| Simple cuboidal epithelia= | common in glands and their ducts
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| Simple columnar epithelia= | provides some protection and may also occur in areas of absorption or secretion
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| Pseudostratified epithelia= or Ciliated | lines much of the respiratory tract
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| Muscle tissues one function is to? | contract and shorten
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| Smooth muscle tissue= | also known as visceral, peristalsis-wave like contraction, involuntary
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| Skeletal muscle tissue= | striated and is voluntary
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| Cardiac tissue is only found in the? | heart, involuntary
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| Nueron= | nerve cell
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| Neuroglia= | nerve glue
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| PNS= | peripheral nervous system
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| Axon= | caries impulses away from the cell body
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| Dendrites= | carries impulses toward the cell body
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| Synapse= | space between cell bodies
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| Neurotransmiter= | chemical
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| What consist of cells that make and secrete a secretion? | a gland
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| Endocrine glands are? | ductless
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| Exocrine glands have? | ducts
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| Bone connective tissue= | bone has good blood supply
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| Osseous= | bone cell
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| Osteo= | bone
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| Cartilage= | avascular
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| Dense connective tissue, Tendons= | attach muscle to bone
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| Dense connective tissue, Ligaments= | bone to bone
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| Collagen fibers are? | strong fibers
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| Elastin fibers= | stretch & recoil
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| Loose connective tissue, Areolar= | tissue that soaks up fluid from an inflamed area. Becomes puffy (edema)
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| Loose connective tissue, Adipose= | stores fat, insulator
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| What is the only liquid tissue? | blood
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| Scar tissue= | strong, lacks the flexibility of most normal tissue
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| Metastasis= | spreading of cancer cells from 1 organ or tissue to another
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| Mucous membranes secrete? | mucus, and are open to the outside
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| Serous membranes secrete? | serous fluid
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| Cutaneous membrane= | skin
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| What is the control center of the cell? | mitochondria
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| What part of the cell is the 'power house'? | mitochondria
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| Lysosomes contain? | digestive enzymes
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| What is needed for protein manufacture? | nucleolus
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| Which type of tissue moves the bones? | skeletal
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