norm n high risk
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| NIC immediately after delivery | dry n stimulate,bulb suction mouth n nose,eye prophylaxis r/t gonorrhea n chlamydiae, vit k IM, bs s/b 40-60
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| LGA | large for gestational age wgt >90th %
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| SGA | small for gestational age wgt <10th %
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| LBW | low birth wgt <2500g
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| VLBW | very low birth wgt <1500g
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| ELBW | extremely low birth wgt <1000g
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| S&S of low blood sugar via heel stick | shakey, tired, diff feeding
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| when to do blood sugar after delivery | 1h, 2h, & then b4 next feed
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| VS, always get their HR,Temp (100.4),RR, and I/O. What should the systolic and diastolic avg | 60-80 sys
80-90 dia
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| at what point should baby go to breast | q 2-3 h w/in 24 h
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| how many voids and stools w/inv 1st 24h period | @ least 1 stool and 1 void
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| on the 2nd infants day how many voids s/b | 2 voids 2 stools 2nd 24hrs
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| on the 3rd infants day how many voids s/b | 3rd day 3voids & 3stools
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| on day 5 and 6 how many dirty diapers | 6-10
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| For 6 to 8 hours after birth, your newborn will be in his first period of reactivity first 30 minutes after birth, your infant will be very alert | #1 first period of reactivity
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| After your baby's initial stage of alertness, she will enter a second stage of the first reactive period, which generally lasts 2 to 4 hours. Your baby will enter a state of sleep and relative calmness | #2- second stage of the first period of reactivity
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| For the next 2 to 3 days, your baby may sleep almost constantly to recover from the birthing process | #3 - quiet-alert state
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| is a respiratory disorder usually seen shortly after delivery in full- or near-term babies | Transient tachypnea;Transient means it is short-lived (usually less than 24 hours).
Tachypnea means rapid breathing (most normal newborns take 40 - 60 breaths per minute).
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| Transient tachypnea is more likely to occur in babies who were: | Born before 38 weeks gestation
Delivered by C-section
Born to a mother with diabetes
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| Newborns with transient tachypnea have breathing problems soon after birth, usually within 1 - 2 hours. Symptoms include: | Bluish skin color (cyanosis)
Rapid breathing, which may occur with noises such as grunting
Flaring nostrils or movements between the ribs or breastbone known as retractions
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| is a quick test performed on a baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 1-minute score determines how well the baby tolerated the birthing process. The 5-minute score tells the doctor how well the baby is doing outside the mother's womb. | APGAR if they are AOX3= 2
if no response for HR <100, RR, muscle, reflex, color they get a 0
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| APGAR Breathing effort: | not breathing= 0;slow or irregular= 1; cries= 2.
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| APGAR Heart rate is evaluated by stethoscope. This is the most important assessment: | no heartbeat= 0; hr <100 bmp= 1; or hr >100= 2
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| APGAR Muscle tone: | loose and floppy= 0
; some muscle tone=1
active motion= 2
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| APGAR Grimace response or reflex irritability is a term describing response to | stimulation such as a mild pinch
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| APGAR Skin color: | pale blue scores 0; pink and the extremities are blue,scores 1 for color.
If the entire body is pink, the infant scores 2 for color.
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| The heat generated from within the body is given-off to the surrounding atmosphere. | RADIATION
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| When you sweat or when your skin or clothing gets wet, the evaporation of that liquid (i.e., the change from liquid to vapour form) promotes heat loss, and the natural result is a cooling effect. | EVAPORATION
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| is the process of air or water flowing by the skin and carrying away body heat. | CONVECTION
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| The body conducts heat to whatever the skin is in direct contact with | CONDUCTION
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| is a common, noncancerous skin condition seen in newborns appearing within 48hrs of birth. Symptoms: The main symptom is a rash of small, yellow-to-white-colored papules surrounded by red skin | Erythema toxicum;The rash usually clears within 2 weeks
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| are flat, blue, or blue-gray skin markings near the buttocks that commonly appear at birth or shortly thereafter.common among those who are of Asian, East Indian, and African descent | Mongolian spots;The spots often fade in a few years
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| Latin for "birthmark", natural blemish or mark, deposit of pigmentation in the skin, mole | Nevi
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| A port-wine stain consisting of superficial and deep dilated capillaries in the skin which produce a reddish to purplish discoloration of the skin,occur most often on the face | nevus flammeus
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| a localized effusion of blood beneath the periosteum of the skull of a newborn, due to disruption of the vessels during birth, does not cross cranial suture lines. If severe the child may develop jaundice | cephalhematoma; it feels like a water-filled balloon
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| triangle shaped fontanel | (posterior fontanelle) usually closes by 1 - 2 months old.
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| Diamond shaped fontanel | (anterior fontanelle) usually closes between 7 - 19 months.
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| is swelling of the scalp in a newborn.brought on by pressure from birth;Soft,puffy part of the scalp;Swelling may or may not have some degree of discoloration or bruising;may extend over the midline of the scalp | Caput succedaneum
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| is a birth (congenital) defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. | Hypospadias
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| testes drop at ____ weeks | 35
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| Usually appearing as reddish "brick dust" powder in the first few diapers, urine crystals can easily be mistaken for blood in the urine | brick urine
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| a click heard in a test for a congenital dislocated hip. It is noted in infancy when the hip slips into or out of the socket. Also called Ortolani click. | Ortolani's sign
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| Tx for a congenital dislocated hip. | The Pavlik Harness is specially designed to position baby’s hips so they are aligned in the joint, and to keep the hip joint secure.
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| The arm on the side where the head is facing reaches straight away from the body w/the hand partly open. The arm on away from the face is flexed and the fist is clenched tightly. Turning the baby's face in the other direction reverses the position. | The TONIC NECK REFLEX
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| occurs if you place a finger on the infant's open palm. | The GRASP REFLEX
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| occurs when you stroke the baby's cheek. The infant will turn toward the side that was stroked and begin to make sucking motions with the mouth. | The ROOTING REFLEX
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| head is gently lifted with enough support to just begin to remove the body weight,is then released suddenly, allowed to fall backwardbut quickly supported again.The normal response is for the baby to have a startled look | Moro reflex
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| Absence of the Moro reflex in an infant is abnormal. | Absence on both sides suggests damage to the brain or spinal cord. (moro absent in kernicterus)
Absence on only one side suggests either a broken shoulder bone or injury to the brachial plexus.
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| reflex occurs when the big toe moves toward the top surface of the foot and the other toes fan out after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked. | Babinski's
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| is a commonly used technique of gestational age assessment. This scoring allows for the estimation of age in the range of 26 weeks-44 weeks Skin Ear/Eye Lanugo Hair Plantar Surface Breast bud Genitals | Ballard Scale
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| refers to the poor growth of a baby while in the mother's womb during pregnancy. Specifically, it means the developing baby weighs less than 90% of other babies at the same gestational age. | Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
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| norm after the 1st 24h life; A bili level of more than 5 mg/dL manifests clinical _____ in neonates.Most infants develop visible jaundice due to elevation of unconjugated bilirubin concentration during their first week. This common condition is called | physiological jaundice (norm)
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| Tx for physiological jaundice | phototherapy
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| If physiological jaundice goes to belly button, get bili level stat. What are NIC for hyperbili | freq feed, monitor stool, bili level per protocal, possible phototherapy
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| presents in 1st 24h of life, excessive destruction of rbc, maternal-fetal blood incompatibilities | pathologic jaundice (abnorm)
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| is a condition that develops when a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh-positive blood. | Rh incompatibility
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| is human antibody to the Rh antigen,If any fetal blood cells escape into the maternal circulation, _____ binds to the Rh antigen and makes it “invisible” to the mother’s immune system. | special immune globulins called RhoGHAM
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| Much like with phototherapy the level at which exchange transfusions should occur depends on the health status and age of the newborn. It should however be used for any newborn with a total serum bilirubin of greater than | ( 25 mg/dL )
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| breastfeeding s/b encouraged q | 2-3h for @ least 15min/breast
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| limit breast feed no more than | 30 min @ a time
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| breast feed with a latch score of <6 means | problem
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| acquired d/o | typically occur at or soon after birth
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| congenital d/o | present at birth
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| the fetus is deprived of air while on the birth canal and appears to have died during birth. Stimulation of respiratory movements and artificial respiration may cause respiration to resume | neonatal asphyxia
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| is a respiratory problem seen in the newborn shortly after delivery. It consists of a period of rapid breathing (higher than the normal range of 40-60 times per minute). It is likely due to retained lung fluid | Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)
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| is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs. | Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS),
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| is abnormal blood vessel development in the retina of the eye in a premature infant. | Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)give lowest O2 to maintain 92%
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| is a rare neurological condition that occurs in some newborns with severe jaundice. | Kernicterus;bili >25
Early stage:Extreme jaundice,Absent startle reflex,Poor feeding or sucking,
Extreme sleepiness (lethargy)
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| the head of the fetus is disproportionately large and will not pass through the pelvis of the dam. Caused usually by hydrocephalus. | cephalopelvic disproportion
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| is a condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid. | Oligohydramnios
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| withdrawl acronym | wake,irritable,hyper,
diarrhea,resp,autonomic attacks,
wgt loss,alk,lacrination
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| is a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive illegal or prescription drugs while in the mother’s womb. Babies of mothers who drink during pregnancy may have a similar condition. | Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)
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| S&S Sepsis; bacterial infection of the bloodstream causing neonatal morbidity | resp distress
tachy
temp instability
lethargy
feeding intolerance
hypotension
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| C section and fast delivery can put baby @ risk for | trans tacypnea <60 GFR blue
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| <300ml amniotic fluid is | olihydramnios
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| >2L amniotic fluid is | hydramnios
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| this appear first at 12 weeks on the eyebrows and upper lip. By 20 weeks they cover the entire body | lanugo
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| baby is restless, hyptensive, tachy, unstable temp, lethargic, doesnt want to eat. | sepsis
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