Integumentary Chapt. 5
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| Outer major layer of skin | epidermis
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| Layer of skin containing blood vessels, and many skin structures | dermis
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| Layer of skin made of irregular fibrous connective tissue | dermis
Dermis
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| Layer of skin made of stratified squamous epithelium | epidermis
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| Smooth muscle attache to each hair fiber | arrector pili
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| Responsible for goosebumps | arrector pili
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| secretes sweat in stressful situations | apocrine gland
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| Sweat glands found in axillae and genitals | apocrine
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| Sweat glands found all over body | eccrine
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| Sweat glands used for evaporative cooling | eccrine
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| Cells that produce color for skin | melanocytes
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| Substance that add color to skin and hair | melanin
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| waterproof protein that prevents dehydration | keratin
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| receptors for environments effect on the skin | encapsulated nerve ending
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| outermost layer of epidermis with many layers of dead cells | stratum corneum
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| Means layer | stratum
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| fibers that provide strength to skin | collagen
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| fibers in skin that provides flexibility | elastin
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| Cells that produce collagen and elastin | fibroblasts
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| receptors for pain | free nerve endings
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| secretion to keep eardrum pliable | cerumen
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| secretion to keep skin pliable | sebum
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| lipid substance we call oil | sebum
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| structure that produces oil for skin | sebaceous gland
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| mechanism of heat loss from the skin depends on this process | evaporative cooling from sweat
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| layers of epidermis separate and cause this | blister
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| skin thickens due to increased pressure | callus
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| What stimulates increased melanin production | UV radiation
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| These structures detect pressure, cold and heat | encapsulated nerve endings
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| blood vessels narrow to keep in heat | vasoconstriction
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| blood vessels expand to give off hear | vasodilation
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| The layer of epidermis that prevents entry of pathogens | stratum corneum
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| Layer of epidermis with keratinocytes and melanocytes | stratum corneum
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| Layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis | stratum germinativum
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| Process of water evaporating and taking extra heat energy with it | evaporative cooling
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| Describe process used to produce vitamin D | cholesterol in skin receives UV radiation to be converted into vitamin D
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| Purpose of vitamin D | allows kidneys to make hormone that instructs calcium to enter the bones
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| Effect of heat on blood vessels | vasodilation
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| effect of cold on blood vessels | vasoconstriction
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| effect of stress on blood vessels | vasodilation in extremeties
vasoconstriction in body core
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| glands that produce sweat | sudoriferous
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| glands that produce oil for skin | sebaceous
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| glands that produce ear wax | ceruminous glands
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| uneven junction between epidermis and dermis | papillary layer
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| First layer containing vascular elements (capillaries) | papillary
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| meaning of avascular | not vascular - no blood vessels
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| small arteries | arterioles
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| small veins | venules
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| connects dermis to underlying tissue (often muscle) | subcutaneous
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| connects arteries to veins | capillaries
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| loss of body fluids | dehydration
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