Foot Muscles
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| abductor hallucis:origin | medial tubercle of calcaneous, flexor retinaculum and plantar aponeurosis
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| abductor hallucis: insertion | medial side of base of proximal phalynx of first digit
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| abductor hallucis: action | abducts and flexes great toe
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| abductor hallucis: innervation | medial plantar nerve
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| flexor digitorum brevis: origin | medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
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| flexor digitorum brevis: insertion | both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits
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| flexor digitorum brevis: action | flexes lateral 4 digits
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| flexor digitorum brevis: innervation | medial plantar nerve
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| abductor digiti minimi: origin | medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneous, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
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| abductor digit minimi: insertion | lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
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| abductor digit minimi: action | abducts and flexes 5th digit
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| abductor digiti minimi: innervation | lateral plantar nerve
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| quadratus plantae: origin | medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
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| quadratus plantae: insertion | posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
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| quadratus plantae: action | assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral 4 digits
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| quadratus plantae: innervation | lateral plantar nerve
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| lumbricals: origin | tendons of flexor digitorum longus
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| lumbricals: insertion | medial aspect of expansion over lateral 4 digits
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| lumbricals: action | flex proximal phalanges and extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
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| lumbricals: innervation | Medial one: medial plantar nerve. Lateral three: lateral plantar nerve
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| flexor hallucis brevis: origin | plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
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| flexor hallucis brevis: insertion | both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
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| flexor hallucis brevis: action | flexes proximal phalanx of first digit
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| flexor hallucis brevis: innervation | medial plantar nerve
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| adductor hallucis: origin | Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4. Transeverse head: plantar ligaments of metatarsophalangeal joints
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| adductor hallucis: insertion | tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
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| adductor hallucis: action | adducts great toe, assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot
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| adductor hallucis: innervation | deep branch of lateral plantar nerve
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| flexor digiti minimi brevis: origin | base of 5th metatarsal
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| flexor digiti minimi brevis: insertion | base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
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| flexor digiti minimi brevis: action | flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
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| flexor digiti minimi brevis: innervation | superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve
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| plantar interossei (3): origin | bases and medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
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| plantar interossei: insertion | medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of third to fifth digits
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| plantar interossei: action | adduct digits (2-4) and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
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| plantar interossei: innervation | lateral plantar nerve
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| dorsal interossei (4): origin | adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5
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| dorsal interossei: insertion | First: medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit. Second to Fourth: lateral sides of 2nd to 4th digits
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| dorsal interossei: action | abduct digits (2-4) and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
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| dorsal interossei: innervation | lateral plantar nerve
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| 4 muscles of the foot innervated by the medial plantar nerve | abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, medial lumbrical, flexor hallucis brevis
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| First layer of plantar muscles (3) | abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi
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| 2nd layer of plantar muscles (3) | quadratus plantae, tendons of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus, lumbricals
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| 3rd layer of plantar muscles (3) | flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi
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| 4th layer of plantar muscles | Interossei--4 dorsal and 3 plantar
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| muscles of the dorsum of the foot (2) | extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis
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Created by:
JillLindelow
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