Conditions-CH.9
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| show | results from an interruption in the blood flow to the brain, either bc of a blocked blood vessel or ruptures; can occur in any part of the brain, cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, or brainstem; can lead to brain damage
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| Infarct | show 🗑
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| What are the two main types of strokes? | show 🗑
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| Ischemia | show 🗑
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| show | characterized by blockages & include atherothrombotic, lacunar, & embolic infarctions, in that order of frequency
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| show | (includes intracerebral & subarachnoid hemorrhages) caused by a rupture in a blood vessel or an aneurysm, with resultant bleeding into or around cerebral tissue or the subarachnoid space
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| Atherosclerosis | show 🗑
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| show | degenerated, thickened material (plaque); abnormal mass of fatty or lipid material w/a fibrous covering, which forms a discrete raised plaque w/in the inner layer (intima) of an artery
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| Cerebral thrombosis | show 🗑
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| show | blood clot; comprised of such blood factors as platelets & fibrin; most common cause of stroke
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| show | narrowing of the blood vessel; results in fewer cases of strokes
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| Collateral circulation | show 🗑
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| show | episode of temporary SX, due to diminished blood flow through the carotid arteries or sometimes related to impaired circulation through the vertebrobasilar vessels. TIA is a powerful warning sign of a stroke, & SX can range from obvious loss of sensati
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| show | inability to coordinated muscle activity during voluntary movement
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| show | loss of one half of the visual field, on the same side, in both eyes; usually the result of a CVA
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| Embolism | show 🗑
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| Aneurysm | show 🗑
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| show | referring to both an artery & a vein
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| show | congenital malformation characterized by an abnormal collection of blood vessels near the surface of the brain; AVM can lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage
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| show | localized collection of blood in an organ or w/in a tissue; common forms include contusions (bruises) & black eyes; most common types affecting the brain are epidural & subdural.
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| show | paralysis of one side of the body; paralysis occurs on the opposite side of the lesion or infarct
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| Associated reactions | show 🗑
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| Spasticity (hypertonicity) | show 🗑
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| show | an x-shaped crossing, especially of nerves or bands of nerve fibers, connecting parts on opposite sides of the brain or spinal cord
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| show | imperfect articulation of speech caused by disturbances of muscular control (of the lips, mouth, tongue, & vocal cords) resulting from CNS or PNS damage
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| Unilateral neglect | show 🗑
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| Apraxia | show 🗑
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| show | difficulty swallowing
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| Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) | show 🗑
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| Endarterectomy | show 🗑
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| show | inability to comprehend sensory info (auditory, visual, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, etc.) due to CNS damage
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| Flaccidity (hypotonus) | show 🗑
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| show | Term used to denote a "family of treatment modalities" in which the common feature is discouraging the use of the unaffected or less affected arm, combined with intensive training of the paretic arm; see table 9.1, pg .142
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| Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) | show 🗑
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