Question | Answer |
Structural building block of the spine | Vertebra |
Superficial Extrinsic muscles of the back | Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi, Levator scapulae, Rhomboid major, Rhomboid minor |
Chief extensors of the back | Erector spinae |
Aka vertebra prominens | C7 |
Forms the primary curves of the vertebral column | Thoracic and Sacrococcygeal |
first cervical vertebra | Axis (C1) |
holds the dens against the C1 arch | Transverse ligament |
Made up of 5 fused vertebrae | Sacrum |
tail bone | Coccyx |
Supplies blood to the spine | Segmental vessels |
No. of pairs of spinal nerves | 31 |
innervates the skin and deep muscles of the back | Dorsal primary ramus |
forms the plexi, intercostals, subcostal nerves | Ventral primary ramus |
Where the spinal nerves terminate | conus medullaris |
3 layers of meninges of the spinal cord | dura, arachnoid, pia mater |
space filled with CSF | subarachnoid space |
outer covering of the spinal cord | dura |
predominantly cell bodies | central gray matter |
predominantly axons | peripheral white matter |
degenerative osteoarthritis of the joints between the spinal vertebrae or neural foramina | spondylosis |
anterior/posterior slippage /displacement of the vertebra | Spondylolisthesis |
lateral curvature of the spine accompanied by the rotation of the vertebrae | Scoliosis |
scoliosis due to assymetrical weakness of the intrinsic back muscles | myopathic scoliosis |