Question | Answer |
Pale of Settlement | broad band of territory N-S where Jews could settle in Russia; forced to live in these areas unless had document; biggest= Odessa |
Pogrom | state sponsored riots targeting specific ethnic groups |
Jewish Daily Forward | biggest Jewish newspaper;editor= Abraham Cahan (novelist) |
Boris Tomashevsky | Yiddish theater leading actor |
"Uptown Jews" / "Downtown Jews" | Uptown: Manhattan= German Jews; Downtown: Lower East Side= Eastern European Jews |
Landsmanschaft | lodge that provided insurance/sense of home; opened synagogues |
Protocol of Peace | agreement that Louis Brandais to settle strike for cloak makers |
Alliance | Jewish farm colony outside of Vineland |
Am Olam Movement | farming movement in Europe to come to United States to farm |
Baron de Hirsch Fund | Woodbine; support Jewish farm movement |
Pittsburgh Platform | 1885; reform Rabbi document with reform ideas |
Jewish Theological Seminary | school for training conservative Rabbis |
Solomon Schechter | head of JTS; founder/principle of conservative Judaism |
Hebrew Union College | reform Judaism; Isaac Meyer Wise; Rabbis; Cincinnati Ohio |
National Council of Jewish Women | 1893; 2 goals- 1) education, 2) community service |
Settlement Houses | house rented in ghetto/teach immigrants to be American; educational alliance in NY |
Bernard Revel | leader of modern Orthodoxy; created Yeshiva College after WWI |
Emma Lazarus | poet/writer; wrote "New Colossus" 1849-1887; devotion to Zionism |
Zionism | Jewish state in the land of Israel for the Jewish people to live |
Louis Marshall | attorney; American Jewish Committee |
Father Charles Coughlin | used the radio to broadcast anti-Semitism |
Louis Brandeis | Jewish Supreme Court Justice; head of Zionism; peoples attorney |
Evian Conference | all countries met 1938; what to do with Jews in Europe? |
Breckenridge Long | tried to keep Jewish refugees out of US; never met quotas |
Henry Morgenthau JR | went to Roosevelt to set up War Refugee Board |
War Refugee Board | 1944; save Jews from Holocaust |
Oswego, NY | camp for around 1,000 Jewish refugees from Hitler |
Bess Myerson | first Jewish Miss America; wouldn't change last name |
Hank Greenberg | wouldn't play baseball on Yom Kippur; 1930s-40s |
Abraham Joshua Heschel | Holocaust survivor; big on Civil Rights |
Jewish Renewal | takes best of 3 (reform, conservative, orthodox); based around Hebrew College transdenominational interfaith movement |
Mary Antin | wrote "The Promise Land"; bio- to be an American |
George Gershwin | composer; classical/broadway |
Ruth Bader Ginsberg | justice on Supreme Court 1st Jewish woman; teacher at Rutgers |