Question | Answer |
Diagnosis with CHF: Right Ventricle symptoms | bilateral pitting edema |
Diagnosis with CHF: Left Ventricle symptoms (3) | Weakness, fatigue, dyspnea |
Bilateral pitting edema and weakness, increase or decrease in bp, ecg changes, rales, increased heart size, hyper-volemic = what condition? | CHF |
dyspnea, cough, chest discomfort, fatigue, weakness, anorexia, low fever, granulomas in organs on x-rays = what condition? | Sarcoidosis |
Intermittent claudication of lower extremity, muscular weakness, pain on exertion or elevation of legs. Diagnosed with DOPPLER = what condition? | Peripheral Vascular disease |
Cold air, stress, allergens, URI = triggers for what? | Asthma |
Asthma triggers (4) | cold air, stress, allergens, URIs |
What conditions can chest films show? (8) | emphysema, pneumonia, consolidation, sarcoidosis, CHF, Neoplasms, TB granulomas, R.A (PEN CRST) |
RIND stands for = | Resolving, Ischemic, Neurological, Deficit = chest pain is a ddx symptom |
CVA = ddx from RIND and TIA | Permanent, neurological, deficit |
painful chest attack lasting less than an hour, headache, iatrogenic. Pt. feels it as worse pain ever. Do a CT scan to dx, Refererred to often as a "mini stroke" | TIA |
TIA = | transient ischemic attack |
What are the 5 P's = | Pulselessness, paraesthesia, paralysis, pain, pallor = DVT |
What condition exhibits the 5 p's | DVT |
Severe pain, pallor, polar sensation, paraesthsia, loss of acute peripheral artery pulse | DVT |
Extra heart sound that indicates turbulent flow | heart murmur |
Definitive MI Diagnostic tests = (3) | ECG; Coronary Angiogram; Cardiac Markers |
Definitive Pulmonary Embolism Diagnostic tests = (2) | Pulmonary Angiogram (invasive but gold standard); CT Scan |
Ultrasound, Doppler flow study positives = condition? | DVT |
What imaging test is best for CVA? | CT scan |
How do you see pneumothorax? | On Xray |
Expiratory wheeze = | Asthma |
Causes of increased blood pressure = | Cardiac disease, estrogen use, renal disease, Cushing's, Coarctation of aorta, pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumor), pregnancy, smoking |
Severe suddent onset of pain, "TEARING" felt, diaphoresis (profuse sweating), syncope = what condition? | Aortic Dissection |
Sharp, unilateral pain, dyspnea = what condition? | Pneumothorax |
Coughing, worse when lying down = what condition? | Post nasal drip |
Diffuse squeezing pressure = what general diagnosis? | cardiac pain |
Symptoms with Cardiac chest pain = | Ischemic pain, diffuse squeezing, sub-sternal, precordial, radiates to jaw, travels down arm, 10-60 minutes, nitroglycerine helps |
Visceral chest pain = | heart burn, esophageal stuff, lungs with friction rub embolism |
Musculoskeletal chest pain is often due to = | rib subluxation |
Causes of decreased breath sounds = | COPD, Pneumothorax, Pleural Effusion, Pneumonia, Asthma (CAPPP) |
PAD vs DVT = PAD signs and symptoms | Intermittent claudication in L.E; pain with use and elevation; after 4 arteries become blocked and pain is also with rest. |
PAD vs DVT = DVT signs and symptoms | Most asymptomatic, vague aching, unilateral pitting edema, erythema, Homan's sign |
5 d's | Drop attack, dizziness, dyphagia, dysarthria, diploplia (plus ataxis) |
Signs and Symptoms of Sarcoidosis | Dyspnea, cough, chest discomfort, fatigue, malaise, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, low grade fever |
Definitive diagnosis for sarcoidosis (2) | Biopsy and Xray |
DDX symptom for Proximal Nocturnal Dyspnea | Positional dyspnea <--laying down (type of orthopnea) |
describe onset of of emphysema | gradual |
describe onset of pneumothorax | sudden (trauma or while at rest) |
describe onset of pulmonary embolism | sudden |
Onset diagnosis of chronic bronchitis = | lasts 3 months for 2 consecutive years |
An embolism causes two different things. What are they? | Infarction in the heart;
Pulmonary embolism in the systemic vein. |
Closing of the lumen of an artery = | Atherosclerosis |
Decreased elasticity/
hardening of arterial walls = | Arterioslcerosis |
pallor or cyanosis; relieved by heat= | Raynaud's |
Most are asymptomatic, achy, edema, erythema, unilateral pitting edema = | Deep vein thrombosis |
Intermittent claudication of L.E | Peripheral vascular disease |
URI, sudden onset, cough, dyspnea, malaise, rales = condition? | Pneumonia |
contralateral tracheal shift, unilateral decreased breath sounds = what condition? | Pneumothorax |
Inability to stand while conscious due to cerebellar ischemia | Drop Attack |
Fainting due to decreased blood flow to brain | Syncope |
A combination of emphysema and chronic obstructive bronchitis. = what condition? | COPD |
When does chronic bronchitis become obstructive bronchitis | When chronic bronchitis presents with spirometric evidence of airflow obstruction develops = becomes COPD |
What can increase soft tissue markings on an x-ray? (5) | CHF, emphysema, pneumonia, TB, Sarcoidosis |
What causes dullness on percussion? (4) | pneumonia, pleural effusion, atelectasis, consolidation |
D-dimer test, tests for = | Fibrogen (blood clotting) |
What causes hyper-resonance on percussion? (4) | Asthma, COPD, pneumothorax, emphysema (PACE) |
Edema unilateral vs bilateral (in feet) | DVT vs. CHF |
Expiratory wheeze seen in = | Asthma |