Question | Origin | Insertion | Action | Nerve | Artery |
Adductor Magnus | ischial tuberosity, pubic rami, ischium | from greater trochanter to linea aspera to medial supracodylar line, adductor tubercle | adducts thigh, upper portion flexes thigh, lower portion extends the thigh | sciatic and posterior branch of obturator | medial femoral circumflex and obturator and popliteal as muscle goes distally |
Pectineus | iliopectineal line on superior pubic rami | lesser trochanter to linea aspera | adduction, flexion, and internal rotation of hip/thigh | femoral | medial femoral circumflex and obturator |
Gluteus Maximus | posterior crest of ilium, posterior sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament | gluteal tuberosity and tensor fascae latae | strong extensor, upper fibers assist in abduction, lower fibers assist in adduction | inferior gluteal | superior and inferior gluteal, 1st branch of profunda femoris |
Gluteus Medius | outer surface of iliac crest | lateral surface of greater trochanter | abduction of thigh | superior gluteal | deep branch of superior gluteal |
Gluteus minimus | outer surface of iliac crest below origin of gluteus medius | anterior border of greater trochanter | abduction and internal rotation of thigh, may assist in hip flexion | superior gluteal | deep branch of superior gluteal |
Piriformis | anterior pelvic surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament | upper border of greater trochanter | external rotation of hip/thigh, will abduct when hip is flexed | 1st and 2nd sacral | superior and inferior gluteal, internal pudendal |
Gemellus Superior | outer surface of ischial spine | blends with tendon of obturator internus into medial surface of greater trochanter | external rotation of hip/thigh | sacral plexus | inferior gluteal |
Obturator Internus | inner aspect of pelvis, margins of obturator foramen, obturator fascia | medial surface of greater trochanter | external rotation of hip/thigh | sacral plexus | internal pudendal and superior gluteal |
Gemellus Inferior | proximal region of ischial tuberosity | blends with tendon of obturator internus into medial surface of greater trochanter | external rotation of hip/thigh | sacral plexus | inferior gluteal |
Obturator Externus | outer margin of obturator foramen and rami of pubis | trochantic fossa | external rotation of hip/thigh | obturator | obturator and medial femoral circumflex |
Quadratus Femoris | lateral border of ischial tuberosity | anterior portion of greater trochanter and intertrochantic line | external rotation of hip/thigh and adduction | sacral plexus | medial femoral circumflex |
Iliacus | upper 2/3 of iliac fossa, iliac crest, base of sacrum | tendon of psoas major, joint capsule, lesser trochanter | flexion of hip/thigh | femoral | iliac branch of iliolumbar and gluteal |
Psoas Major | transverse process intervertebral discs and bodies of all lumbar vertebrae | lesser trochanter of femur | flexion of hip/thigh and when thogh is flexed, it flexes vertebral column on pelvis | 2nd and 3rd lumbar plexus | iliolumbar |
Adductor Longus | Anterior portion of pubic bone and pubic symphysis | middle portion of medial lip of linea aspera | adducts hip/thigh, assists in hip flexion | anterior branch of obturator | medial femoral circumflex and obturator |
Adductor Brevis | inferior pubic rami | line from lesser trochanter to linea aspera | adducts hip/thigh, assists in hip flexion | anterior branch of obturator | medial femoral circumflex and obturator |