Question | Answer |
Movements of mastication | 1.Depression (Lateral Pterygoid M, infrahyoid muscles, digastric M).
2.Elevation (temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid).
3.Protraction (lateral pterygoid acting on articular disc).
4.Retraction (posterior temporalis fibers) |
Movements of Grinding (mastication) | Lateral grinders: Masseter and temporalis.
Medial grinders: Medial and Lateral Pterygoids.
**done by the 2 pre-molars and 3 molars |
What teeth are specifically for biting off food? | Spatula teeth.
**NOT used for chewing |
What type of joint is the TMJ | Hinge synovial Joint with an articular disc. |
What are the two connections onto the Articular Disc? | 1.Lateral pterygoid M.
2.Elastic Ligament (connects it posteriorly) |
What happens to the condyle of the mandible during chewing. | It is moved out of the mandibular fossa.
**Damage to the lateral pterygoid or the elastic ligament can cause the TMJ from functioning properly and lead to pain. |
Which gland's secretions are more for digestion? lubrication? | Digest: Submandibular.
Lube: Parotid |
Where did the tongue arise from? | Occipital somites |
What are the 2 main muscles that retract the tongue? | 1.Styloglossus M.
2.Hyoglossus M. |
2 main functions of the tongue in swallowing? | 1.forming food into a bolus.
2.Pressing food against hard palate to force it into back of mouth. |
What action closes the larynx? | Raising it (thyrohyoid, pharyngeal constrictors) |
What is the main function of Cricopharyngeus m? | To keep air out of the stomach, must relax during swallowing. |
Steps of Swallowing | 1.Form bolus (tongue).
2.Move to oropharynx (tongue & styloglossus).
3.Close nasopharynx (LVP, TVP).
4.Close larynx (suprahyoid muscles).
5.Push down food (pharyngeal constrictors. RELAX cricopharyngeus) |