Question | Answer |
What are the general functions of the ANS? | 1. regulates activity of Smooth and Cardiac Muscle and some Glands; 2. Involuntary stabilization of life support systems (Homeostasis) |
What are the general features of the ANS? | 1. entirely MOTOR neurons; 2. features 2 neurons between CNS and Effector; 3. Sympathetic and Parasympathetic; 4. Dual Motor Innervation |
What are the 2 antagonistic divisions of the ANS? | Sympathetic = Excitatory; Parasympathetic = Inhibitory |
What is Dual Motor Innervation? | wherein Effector is supplied with 1 Sympathetic and 1 Parasympathetic fiber |
Why is Dual Motor Innervation beneficial? | provides both the Fight or Flight reflexes as well as the Rest and Digest state needed for normal bodily functions to take place |
Name some exceptions to Dual Motor Innervation. | Adrenal gland, Sweat glands, Arrector Pili, and most Blood Vessels - receive only Sympathetics |
What structure controls the ANS? | Hypothalamus |
What are the functions of the Hypothalamus? | controls ANS actions of Medulla, thermoregulation, and Food & Water intake |
The Sympathetic Center is controlled by what structure? | POSTERIOR Hypothalamus |
The Parasympathetic Center is controlled by what structure? | ANTERIOR Hypothalamus |
What are the functions of the Medulla? | controls Respiration, Heart activity, Blood Pressure, ans G.I. Secretions |
What part of the brain is part of the ANS but not usually involved? | Cerebral Cortex |
In which instances is the Cerebral Cortex involved in the ANS? | certain Psychological states can influence Hypothalamus (Yoga, Meditation, Blushing, Fainting) |