Term | Definition | Function |
Cortical Bone | Dense, Concentric layers ("osteons" or Haversian systems) | Strength - for bearing Weight |
Cancellous Bone | spongy bone - open Latticework of struts (Trabeculae) | Support, transfers energy, Light |
Medullary Canal | space with the Shaft of bone | contains Yellow Marrow for Energy storage |
Nutrient Foramina | Holes in Compact bone | for Larger Blood Vessels |
Periosteum | layers of Dense Regular Connective Tissue on the Outer surface of bone | source of Cells in-case Repair is needed |
Haversian Canals | Longitudinal channels in bone | contain Blood Vessels and Nerve fibers |
Osteocytes | Mature bone cells trapped in small pockets (Lacunae) | Maintain the matrix |
Canaliculi | Cracks in Matrix | connect Lacunae to Haversian Canals |
Lamellae | Rings of intercellular Matrix | contain the Haversian Canals, Osteocytes, and Canaliculi |
Osteoblasts | Young bone cell | Forms bone |
Osteoclasts | Large bone cell | lysosomes dissolve and absorb existing bone (to remodel) |
Intramembranous Ossification | Hardening within Fibrous Connective Tissue | the Formation of the Flat bones of the Skull, Clavicle, and Repair bone Fractures |
Endochondral Ossification | Replacement of Cartilage replica with Bone cells | to Form ALL parts of Skeleton EXCEPT Skull and Clavicles |
Red Marrow | Myeloid Connective Tissue | produces Red and White BC - in Flat bones and Epiphyses of Long bones |
Yellow Marrow | Adipose | for Energy storage - found in Medullary canals |
Skeleton | ALL the bones of the body | 1. Protection: from trauma; ribs cranium
2. Permits movement/leverage: forms joints
3. Support: provides resistance to gravity
4. Passage of Soft Tissue, Nerves, and Blood Vessels
5. Mineral Reserve: Calcium and Phospherous |