Question | Answer |
The 1st cervical nerve is found in the suboccipital triangle. | true |
Which is not a border of the suboccipital
triangle?
Inferior Oblique
Superior Oblique
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Semispinalis Capitis | semispinalis capitis |
How many attachment points does the muscle have? | 2 |
Tendon attaches to the bone. | true |
Muscle has an insertion and a(n) | origin |
Origin and insertion is determined by release. | false, contraction |
When the muscle contracts, the insertion point is brought closer to the origin point. | true |
Innervation is the | nerve supply |
Innervation can be described by the name of the nerve by the: | cord level feeding into the muscle |
Which is not an extrinsic back muscle?
Lats
Traps
Levator scap
Splenius capitis
none of the above | Splenius capitis |
Triangles form from muscle borders | true |
Which is not an origin of the Trapezius?
EOP
Ligamentum Nuchae
Mastoid process
SP of C7
SP of T1-T12 | Mastoid Process |
The supraspinous ligament is found in the | It's found from C7 or T1 transverse process to S1 |
The middle or medial fibers of the trapezius insert | on the scapula spine, acromion process |
The trapezius inserts on all of the following except: | SP of C7 |
Which action of the trapezius is most prominent? | shrugging shoulders |
WOTF attaches the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity? | Sacrotuberous ligament |
The 11th cranial nerve is also known as the __. | spinal accessory nerve, C.N. XI |
The C.N. XI innervates the __ and __. | trapezius, sternocleidomastoid |
All of the following are true of cranial nerve XI except:
#20 | It originates in the pons |
How many possible nerves go through the jugular foramen? | 4 |
The portion of the 11th cranial nerve that passes into the jugular process is called the | cranial portion |
The trapezius has an origin of the spinous process of __ and __. | C7, T1-T12 |
Lumbar aponeurosis is also known as | lumbodorsal fascia |
The lumbar aponeurosis is the __ of the __ muscle | origin, latissimus dorsi |
What is not an origin of the latissimus dorsi? | xx |
Fascia is not connective tissue | false, it is |
Sacral tubercles are not proximal attachments for muscles. | true |
The humerus at the bicipital groove is also known as | intertubercular groove |
The __ turns the head to the right or left. | SCM |
The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid. | true |
What are we referring to when we refer to the transversospinal portion? | muscles of the deep layer of the back |
The insertion of the longissimus capitis is the | mastoid process of the temporal bone |
WOTF is innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?
Deltoid
Trapezius
Splenius capitis
Rhomboid major | Rhomboid major |
What is the insertion point for the latissimus dorsi | humerus at the intertubercular groove |
What is the action of the latissimus dorsi? | medial rotation of the humerus, adduction of humerus, extension of humerus |
The triangle of petite is also known as the | lumbar triangle |
The lateral part of the lumbar triangle is bordered by __. | external oblique |
What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi? | by the thoracodorsal nerve fibers C6, C7, and C8 |
The latissimus dorsi is very active when climbing. | true |
Triangle of ausculation is the triangle of petite | false |
The inferior border of the triangle of ausculation os made of the | latissimus dorsi |
The __ is medial border of the triangle of ausculation. | trapezius |
WOTF is not a border of the triangle of ausculation? | superior border |
The correct shape of the triangle of ausculation is an inverted triangle. | false, its not really inverted |
The superior aspect of the latissimus dorsi is made of the __ of the triangle of ausculation | inferior border |
The iliac crest makes up the __ of the lumbar triangle. | inferior border |
The latissimus dorsi is a border of the triangle of ausculation and the lumbar triangle. | true |
The lateral border of the triangle of petite is the | external abdominal oblique |
The external abdominal oblique is the lateral border of the triangle of petite. | true |
How many layers of muscle are there in the back? | 5 |
Rhomboid major's origin is located at the spinous processes of | T2-T5 |
The rhomboid minor insertion is inferior to the rhomboid major insertion. | false, superior |
The rhomboid major and the rhomboid minor have WOTF in common? | same innervation, same action |
The insertion is the vertebral border of the scapula. What muscles are we referring to? | Rhomboideus major |
The rhomboid major and minor do not perform which action? | elevate scapula, raise shoulder |
The action of the rhomboid minor is to | adduct the scapula and bring toward midline |
The dorsal scapular nerve is the innervation for the | rhomboid major |
WOTF muscles is not innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve? | Latissimus dorsi |
WOTF is a deep extrinsic muscle of the back? | Rhomboid major |
The deepest muscle of the transversospinal group is the __. | semispinalis |
Spinal nerves have just sensory components. | false, motor also |
Spinal nerves are mixed nerves. | true |
The dorsal and ventral root will come out of the cord __ and __. | posteriorly, anteriorly |
The superficial layer of the intrinsic back muscles consists of all of the following except: | Erector spinae |
Erector spinae has a significant part in extension of the vertebral column. | true |
The term "splenius" means literally | bandage |
What is an origin of the rhomboideus minor muscle? | SP of C7, C1 and Ligamentum Nuchae |
What is the origin of the Levator Anguli scapularis? | TP of C1-C4 |
Innervation of the levator scapulae is by the dorsal scapular nerve. | true |
Which is not true of the levator scapula? | The muscle fibers are almost anatomically horizontal. |
The internal and external intercostals are innervated by the intercostal nerve. | true |
Reciprocal origin and insertion means that | both ends move or can move |
The long thoracic nerve innervates the | serratus anterior |
The action of the levator scapular includes | elevates scapula, rotation of the scapula |
The end of the spinal cord is at what vertebral level? | L1-L2 |
The intermediate layer of the intrinsic back muscles is not composed of WOTF? | Trapezius |
The origin of the serratus posticus inferior is at the SP's of | T11-L2 |
Innervation of serratus posterior inferior muscle? | The muscle is innervated by the ventral rami of 9th to 12th thoracic spinal nerves |
The insertion of the __ scalene is the second rib. | posterior |
The most lateral muscle group of the erector spinae is the | iliocostalis |
Which is the origin of the rotatores | Transverse processes of all vertebrae |
What is the action of the serratus posticus inferior? | draws down lower 4 ribs |
What is the innervation of the serratus posticus inferior? | ventral rami of spinal nerves T9-T12 |
The most medial muscle is the | spinalis thoracis |
What is the insertion of the serratus posticus superior? | superior borders of ribs 2-4 |
What is the origin of the serratus posticus superior? | SP's of C7-T3 |
The ligamentum nuchae is part of the origin of the serratus posticus superior muscle. | true |
What is the innervation of the serratus posticus superior? | Intercostal nerves 2-5 |
How many pairs of thoracic spinal nerves are there in the body? | 12 |
Which muscle raises the 1st rib during inspiration? | Middle scalene |
The mastoid process and the __ are the insertion of the splenius capitis. | occiput |
What is the action of the splenius capitis bilaterally? | lateral flexion of the neck and rotation of the head |
The innervation of the splenius capitis is the dorsal rami of the mid-cervical nerves. | true |
What is the origin of the splenius capitis? | SP's of C7-T4 |
The scalene medius has an action of __. | lateral cervical flexion, cervical rotation |
The scalene medius has an origin of | C2-C7 transverse processes |
WOTF has an origin of the transverse processes in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine? | Multifidus |
The insertion of the iliocostalis lumborum is the | inferior border of ribs 7-12 |
Which is an origin of the iliocostalis lumborum? | Iliac crest |
The Intertransversarii has an origin and insertion of the __ of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae. | transverse processes |
What is an insertion of the iliocostalis dorsi/thoracic? | TP of C7 and superior borders of ribs 1-6 |
What is the origin of the iliocostalis dorsi/thoracic? | Superior borders of ribs 7-12 |
The iliocostalis cervicis has an origin at | Superior borders of ribs 1-6 |
The insertion of the iliocostalis cervicis is the transverse processes of C4-C6 | true |
The iliocostalis cervicis has its origin at the most superior 6 ribs | true |
Which muscle is not part of the longissimus column? | iliocostalis dorsi/thoracic |
What is an action of the 3 muscles of the longissimus column? | All of the above |
The innervation of the longissimus column is the ventral rami of spinal nerves at their local level. | false, dorsal rami of spinal nerves |
Which is not a muscle of the erector spinal group? | Splenius capitis |
What is the action of the spinalis column? | Extends vertebral column |
The innervation of the spinalis column is the dorsal rami of spinal nerves at their specific vertebral level. | true |
WOTF is true of the levatores costarum? | Assists in lateral flexion of the spine |
Which is not a muscle in the spinalis column? | Longissimus cervicis |
Which muscle is not seperable in its origin and insertion in the deepest layer of the back? | Multifidus |
The __ is not part of the transversospinal portion. | Splenius cervicis |
Which muscle of the transversospinal group is a vertebral stabilizer during movement of the vertebral column? | Multifidus |
The transversospinal innervation will be the | dorsal rami at their local level |
The __ has the occiput as its insertion | semispinalis capitis |
What is not an origin of the multifidus | second rib |
The rectus capitis lateralis has an origin at the transverse process of atlas. | true |
The __, __, and __ perform head flexion. | longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior |
The action of the rotatores is to assist in the | extension and rotation of the vertebral column |
The innervation of the multifidus is at the dorsal rami of spinal nerves at their particular vertebral level. | true |
The longus colli has innervation of which of the following? | ventral rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves |
Which place will the rotatores not be found? | sacral |
Paralysis of the spinal accessory nerve would prevent which of the following movements? | shoulder shrug |
Intertransversarii are in the __ spine. | cervical, lumbar, thoracic |
What is the insertion of the interspinalis? | the superior portion of the spinous process above from L5-C2 |
The interspinalis muscle may be __ from T3/T4 to T10/T11. So they may or may not be partially developed. | rudimentary (not fully developed) |
The intertransversarii are in the cervical spine. | true |
Origin of the intertransversarii is the | transverse processes of all vertebrae |
The semispinalis is part of the __ portion of the back. | transversospinal |
WOTF does not assist in the breathing process? | Rotatores |
The multifidus and the intertransversarii are known as vertebral stabilizers. | true |
The levatores costarum has an origin of the transverse processes of T1-T11 | true |
What is the action of the intertransversarii? | Lateral flexion, stabilization of the vertebral column |
The innervation of the intertransversarii is the | dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves |
The superior attachment of the rectus capitis lateralis is the | jugular process |
How many muscles are there in the longissimus group? | 3 |
Which is not a muscle of the posterior cervicals? | longus colli |
The inferior oblique rotates wotf vertebrae | C1 |
How many muscles are there in the erector spinal portion of the back? | 9 |
WOTF is not a muscle of the transversospinal portion of the back? | splenius cervicis |
The insertion of the longus colli is the | atlas anterior tubercle |
The structure that extends most inferiorly is the __ and this is an extension of __. | filum terminale, pia mater |
How many scalene muscles are there in the body? | 3 |
Thoracic outlet syndrome is also known as | scalenus anticus syndrome |
The longus capitis extends the head. | false, flexes the head |
WOTF is not a muscle of the medial erector spinae group? | semispinalis thoracis |