Muscle | Origin | Insertion | Movement | Joint | Misc. Info |
Sartorius | Anterior superior iliac spine | Proximal medial tibia (inferior to the condyle) (pes anserinus) | Flexion, abduction, lateral rotation; flexion | Anterior hip, anterior knee | Longest muscle in body; "tailor's" muscle; pes anserinus (goose foot) |
Tensor fasciae latae | Anterior external rim of iliac crest | Lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial band | Flexion, abduction, medial rotation | Anterior hip | |
Rectus femoris | Anterior inferior iliac spine | Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament | Flexion; extension | Anterior hip, anterior knee | Quadriceps femoris muscle; "kicking" muscle |
Iliopsoas | Iliacus: iliac fossa; psoas major: lumbar vertebrae (T12-L5); psoas minor: transverse processes of L1-L5 | Lesser trochanter | Flexion | Anterior hip | Strongest hip flexor; 3 muscles: iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor; important for standing, walking, running |
Pectineus | Superior ramus of pubis | Proximal medial femur, lesser trochanter to linea aspera | Flexion, adduction | Hip | Superior to adductor group |
Adductor brevis | Body/inferior ramus of pubis | Proximal linea aspera | Adduction, flexion | Hip | Adductor group; superficial to adductor magnus; most superior of "adductors" |
Adductor longus | Pubic tubercle | Medial lip of linea aspera (medial 1/3) | Adduction, flexion | Hip | Adductor group; most anterior of adductor group; inserts inferior to adductor brevis |
Adductor magnus | Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial tuberosity | Linea aspera (anterior); adductor tubercle (posterior) | Adduction (both); flexion; extension | Hip | Adductor group; adductor hiatus (opening between femur and adductor magnus to allow for passage of femoral vessels from anterior to poster thigh) |
Gracilis | Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial ramus | Proximal medial tibia (pes anserinus) | Adduction; flexion | Hip, posterior knee | Baker's knee (catchers); pes anserinus (goose foot) |
Gluteus maximus | Posterior sacrum/ilium (posterior gluteal line) | Iliotibial band (upper); gluteal tuberosity (lower) | Extension, lateral/external rotation | Hip | Gluteal muscle |
Gluteus medius | Lateral ilium | Greater trochanter | Abduction; medial rotation/flexion (anterior); lateral rotation/extension (posterior) | Hip | Gluteal muscle; important in bipedal gait; Trendelenberg Gait (if one side is weaker, shift center of mass to weak side and swing out strong leg to walk); deep to gluteus maximus |
Gluteus minimus | Lateral ilium | Anterior surface of greater trochanter | Abduction, medial rotation | Hip | Gluteal muscle (smallest); deep to gluteus maximus and gluteus medius |
Piriformis | Anterior sacrum, greater sciatic notch | Greater trochanter | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators |
Superior gemellus | Ischial spine | Medial surface of greater trochanter | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators |
Obturator internus | Ischiopubic ramus | Medial aspect of greater trochanter | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators |
Inferior gemellus | Ischial tuberosity | Greater trochanter via obturator internus | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators |
Obturator externus | Medial side of obturator foramen | Greater trochanter | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators |
Quadratus femoris | Ischial tuberosity | Intertrochanteric crest | Lateral rotation | Hip | One of six deep lateral rotators (strongest) |
Semimembranosus | Ischial tuberosity | Proximal posterior medial tibia | Extension (hip); flexion (knee) | Posterior hip, posterior knee | Medial hamstrings; originates deep to conjoined tendon of biceps femoris and semitendinosus |
Semitendinosus | Ischial tuberosity (share with biceps femoris long head) | Pes anserinus (medial tibia) | Extension (hip); flexion (knee) | Posterior hip, posterior knee | Medial hamstrings; superficial to semimembranosus |
Biceps femoris (long head) | Ischial tuberosity (shared with semitendinosus) | Lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula | Extension (hip), flexion (knee) | Posterior hip, posterior knee | Lateral hamstrings |