Term | Definition |
scoliosis | lateral curvature of the spine, commonly seen in thoracic and and lumbar regions. |
kyphosis (hunchback) | humped curvature in the thoracic spine. |
lordodsis (swayback) | exaggerated inward (anterior) curvature in the lumbar spine. |
rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissue and joints, causing pain, swelling, and deformation. |
arthritis | inflammation of one or more joints. |
osteoarthritis | degenerative that occurs with aging as articular cartilage erodes. |
osteoporosis | loss of bone mass with resulting structural deterioration of bone tissue. |
gout | acute inflammation of a joint due to the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint. This commonly affects the big toe. |
rickets | bones become soft and deformed due to a lack of vitamin D. |
osteosarcoma | bone cancer. |
5 purposes of bone | levers, framework/support, protection, storage (calcium), production (red blood cells). |
5 categories of bone | long, short, flat, irregular (ears/facial), sesamoid (formed in a tendon near a joint - patella). |
lovers fracture | |
components of skeletal system | bones, joints, muscles, ligaments (holds bone together), cartilage
(prevent bone on bone, tough shiny smooth substance), tendons (connects muscle to bone). |
bumps | tendon attachment (tuberosity, condyle, epicondyle, and trochanter). |
process | narrow piece of bone that protrudes - BEG tendons to attach to them! |
Fossas | large surface area for big muscles, often shaped like a fan. |
bone marrow | red (biopsy)- RBC development site
yellow- filled with fat |
transmandibular joint | connects the temporal bone and mandible.
causes
-pain during chewing
-clicking sound when chewing
-ringing in ears
-deafness |
pelvic girdle | -forms hips
-point of attachment for legs
-inside pelvic cavity
-composed of 3 fused bones (illium, ischium, pubes)
-pubic symphysis (area where 2 pubic bones join) |
diarthrosis | -joints that move freely
-hinge, ball and socket |
amphairthroses | -slightly moveable
-ribs, symphysis |
synarthroses | -do not move
-skull |
synovial | -covered with membrane that secretes a fluid lubricant
-hip |
arthr/o | joint |
itis | inflammation |
fractures | -greenstick
-simple
-compound
-impacted
-comminuted
-spiral
-depresses (skull moves inwards)
-colles (bulge at wrist) |
reduction | put bone back together
-closed reduction
-open reduction
- |
sprain | injury to JOINT |
strain | injury to TENDON |
my | muscle |
kyph/o | hunchback |
sis | state of condition |
fx | function, fracture |
sinuses | cavity in dense portion of skull bone |
axial | skull, spine, ribs |
appendicular | arms, legs, pelvis |