| Term | Definition |
| scoliosis | lateral curvature of the spine, commonly seen in thoracic and and lumbar regions. |
| kyphosis (hunchback) | humped curvature in the thoracic spine. |
| lordodsis (swayback) | exaggerated inward (anterior) curvature in the lumbar spine. |
| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissue and joints, causing pain, swelling, and deformation. |
| arthritis | inflammation of one or more joints. |
| osteoarthritis | degenerative that occurs with aging as articular cartilage erodes. |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone mass with resulting structural deterioration of bone tissue. |
| gout | acute inflammation of a joint due to the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint. This commonly affects the big toe. |
| rickets | bones become soft and deformed due to a lack of vitamin D. |
| osteosarcoma | bone cancer. |
| 5 purposes of bone | levers, framework/support, protection, storage (calcium), production (red blood cells). |
| 5 categories of bone | long, short, flat, irregular (ears/facial), sesamoid (formed in a tendon near a joint - patella). |
| lovers fracture | |
| components of skeletal system | bones, joints, muscles, ligaments (holds bone together), cartilage
(prevent bone on bone, tough shiny smooth substance), tendons (connects muscle to bone). |
| bumps | tendon attachment (tuberosity, condyle, epicondyle, and trochanter). |
| process | narrow piece of bone that protrudes - BEG tendons to attach to them! |
| Fossas | large surface area for big muscles, often shaped like a fan. |
| bone marrow | red (biopsy)- RBC development site
yellow- filled with fat |
| transmandibular joint | connects the temporal bone and mandible.
causes
-pain during chewing
-clicking sound when chewing
-ringing in ears
-deafness |
| pelvic girdle | -forms hips
-point of attachment for legs
-inside pelvic cavity
-composed of 3 fused bones (illium, ischium, pubes)
-pubic symphysis (area where 2 pubic bones join) |
| diarthrosis | -joints that move freely
-hinge, ball and socket |
| amphairthroses | -slightly moveable
-ribs, symphysis |
| synarthroses | -do not move
-skull |
| synovial | -covered with membrane that secretes a fluid lubricant
-hip |
| arthr/o | joint |
| itis | inflammation |
| fractures | -greenstick
-simple
-compound
-impacted
-comminuted
-spiral
-depresses (skull moves inwards)
-colles (bulge at wrist) |
| reduction | put bone back together
-closed reduction
-open reduction
- |
| sprain | injury to JOINT |
| strain | injury to TENDON |
| my | muscle |
| kyph/o | hunchback |
| sis | state of condition |
| fx | function, fracture |
| sinuses | cavity in dense portion of skull bone |
| axial | skull, spine, ribs |
| appendicular | arms, legs, pelvis |
