Question | Answer |
Buffalo Soldiers | Name for African Americans by the Indians fighting in the U. S. army |
Sand Creek Massacre | 1864, Colorado, Chivington's militia killed 400 Indians who had been promised immunity |
Sitting Bull | Taken refuge in Canada after the Battle of Little Bighorn |
George Custer | "Boy general" of Civil War fame, turned into Indian fighter |
Battle of Little Bighorn | 1876, Montana, Custer's 7th Cavalry of 264 were killed by 2,500 Indians |
Chief Joseph | Surrendered after he traveled to Canada |
Geronimo | Lead tribes from Arizona and New Mexico, hated whites, pushed into Mexico by federal troops |
Firewater | White people's diseases |
How was the west "won"? | White men killed/drove out a majority of the Indians living there |
Why were buffaloes the "staff of life" for Native Americans? | They provided food for them |
What role did the railroad play in the receding native population? | Buffalo was main food supply for railroaders/construction workers, killed for sport, and almost extinct at one point |
Century of Dishonor | 1881, Helen Hunt Jackson, about the government's ruthlessness and chicanery in dealing with the Indians |
Dawes Act | 1887, dissolved tribes as legal entities, wiped out tribal ownership of land, set up Indian family heads with 160 acres of land, if they were good, they'd receive title to ownings and citizenship |
Where was gold and silver found? | California (pay dirt), Colorado (more miners than minerals), Nevada (populated the state), Montana, Idaho, and other western states. |
Long Drive | Texas cowboys drove herds (1,000-10,000) to railroad terminals |
Homestead Act | For $30, someone could get 160 acres of land, live on it for five years, and improve it |
Thesis in Turners' "The Significance of the Frontier in American History"? | "American history has been in a large degree the history of the colonization of the Great West" |
Safety Valve Theory | During hard times, the unemployed in cluttered cities moved west to pick up farming and prospered |
Farmer Organizations | Focused on single cash crops (wheat/corn) and use profits to buy what they wanted |
Grangers | Enhance the lives of farmers through social, educational, and fraternal activities |
Oliver Kelly | Founded the Grange (powerful political force in western farmers) |
Greenback Labor Party | Wanted to improve the lot of labor |
Farmer's alliance | Wanted to stop the railroads and manufacturers with cooperative buying and selling |
Populist Party/People's Party | Called for the nationalization of railroads, telegraphs, and telephones, wanted free and unlimited coinage of silver to promote inflation |
Coxey's Army | Demanded that the government relieved unemployment by an inflationary public works program |
Pullman Strike | Pullman Palace Car Company lowered wages due to the depression causing workers to strike |
Eugene vs. Debs | Labor leader, helped organize American Railway Union (150,000 members) |
Olney | Urged the dispatch of federal troops, thought strikers were interfering with the transit of U. S. mail |
Candidates/platforms of the election of 1896 | McKinley (former congressman, republican) and Bryan (democrat) |
Hanna | Organized McKinley's preconvention campaign |
Who won the election of 1896? | McKinley |