Term | Definition |
New England Economic Activities | Logging Timber, Fishing, Whailing |
Colonies in the New England Region | Massachusetts, Rhode, Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire |
Who had voting rights in the New England region? | Property owning males who attended church |
Theocracy | A government with church leaders in charge of the government |
Why was education so important to the Puritans? | They wanted everyone to be able to read the Bible |
What kind of farming was practiced in New England? | Mostly subsistence farming- growing food for personal use |
What was the main goal or objective of people settling in the New England Region? | Religious Freedom |
Which region was known as the "Bread Basket" colonies? | The Middle Region- New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania- produced a lot of grains - rye, barley, wheat |
Who had voting rights in the Middle Region? | White property owning males |
Who held political power in the Middle Colonies? | The proprietors (owners) of the colonies: Penn, Carteret, Berkley and York |
Why did the King of England give land to William Penn in 1681? | The King owed the Penn family money, this was a way to pay off the debt. |
Who wanted to conduct a holy experiment based on diversity and religious tolerance? | William Penn and the Quakers in Pennsylvania |
How was New York different from the rest of the colonies? | New York was more of a melting pot and had people from a variety of European nations and backgrounds. The other colonies were more homogeneous. |
Why were the Puritans so strict with dissenters? | They felt that dissenters could undermine the orderly societies that they had created. |
Mercantilism | Economic system based on creating a favorable balance of trade. The colonies were only allowed to sell their raw materials to England and had to buy the finished products from England as well --> Wealth for the mother country. |
Who had voting rights in the Southern Region? | White, male property owners |
What was the economy in the Southern Region based on? | Plantations and the production of cash-crops: tobacco, rice and indigo (cotton) |
Who was James Oglethorpe? | Oglethorpe received a charter from King George to create the colony of Georgia? |
Why was Georgia created? | Georgia was a colony created for debtors(people who owe money) and convicts. |
Who was Roger Williams? | Roger Williams was a minister in Massachusetts who rejected some of the Puritan beliefs and practices. He was banished from Massachusetts and formed the colony of Rhode Island. |
Who was John Winthrop? | A Puritan leader who helped found Plymouth, the first settlement in New England. |
What were the Puritan values? | Hard work: as a way of honoring God → rapid growth and success
Education: they wanted everyone to be literate and be able to read the Bible → mandatory schooling
Representative Government: town meetings and local self-government, democratic rights |
Who was Anne Hutchinson? | A female activist that challenged the power and authority of the Puritan leaders. She was banished from Massachusetts and fled to Rhode Island. |
Who was Thomas Hooker? | Thomas Hooker grew tired of the rigid Puritan system and led his congregation to the Connecticut Valley --> colony of Connecticut. |
What was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut"? | A document inspired by Thomas Hooker, that is considered the first written constitution in North America |
Which colonial region's economy was dependent on slave labor? | Southern Colonies |
Who founded Maryland? | Lord Baltimore |
Which colony was intended to be tolerant towards Catholics? | Maryland |
King Charles II reclaimed the throne following civil war in England. He rewarded his loyal supporters with land that became ______. | The Carolinas |
What was the Act of Toleration? | A law passed in Maryland meant to outlaw religious persecution of non Puritans. |
What was going on in England in terms of religion during this colonial period? | Dissenters and Puritans, people who disagreed with both the Catholic Church and the Church of England were being prosecuted for their beliefs. |
What was the purpose of town hall meetings in New England? | Political gatherings to make decisions on local issues |