Question | Answer |
gluteal=_______ | ______=clunis=buttock |
thigh | area between hip and leg |
knee=______ | _____=genu |
popliteal fossa | area behind knee |
leg=______ | ________=crus
-between ankle and knee. |
hallux=_____ | ______=big toe |
digitus minimus=_______ | little toe |
What vertebra are included in the Lumbosacral Plexus? | L1-S4; (ventral rami) |
OBTURATOR NERVE:
vertebrae?
to what group? | L2,3,4 to adductor group |
FEMORAL NERVE
vertebrae?
to what group of mm.? | L2,3,4 to ant. thigh mm. |
SCIATIC NERVE
vertebrae? | L4,5,S1,2,3 |
Name the 2 components of the Sciatic Nerve. | -Tibial Nerve.
-Common Peroneal Nerve. |
Tibial Nerve goes to what? | to hamstrings, posterior leg, and sole of foot. |
Common Peroneal nerve goes to what? | to the short head of the biceps femoris, anterolateral muscles of leg, and dorsum of foot. |
What is the biggest nerve in the body? | Sciatic nerve |
SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE
vertebrae? | L4,5, S1 |
INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE
vertebrae? | L5, S1,2 |
Superior AND Inferior Gluteal nerves go to what? They come from where/what? | to posterior hip muscles.
from the sacral plexus. |
Os coxa | hip bone |
Name the largest sesamoid bone in the body. | patella |
what bone develops in the quadriceps tendon? | patella |
Name the facets on the patella. Are they all consistent? | Superior, Medial, Lateral, and Odd facets. (Odd and superior are inconsistent) |
_______ _________ is the part of the tendon from the patella to the tibial tuberosity. | patellar ligament |
Define sesamoid bone. | a bone embedded in a tendon. |
How do you determine if a patella is left or right? | Place on flat surface with apex pointed away from you. It will tilt to the side of the usage b/c of the greatest bone mass on the lateral side. (Tilt left= Left patella) |
Name the area of the dermatome:
L1 | uppermost thigh, groin |
Name the area of the dermatome:
L2 | midthigh (upper lat. thigh) |
Name the area of the dermatome:
L3 | thigh to medial knee |
Name the area of the dermatome:
L4 | medial leg |
Name the area of the dermatome:
L5 | lateral leg, dorsum of foot. Big Toe |
Name the area of the dermatome:
S1 | Lateral Foot, posterior leg, little toe |
Name the area of the dermatome:
S2 | posterior thigh
(post. leg-> post thigh) |
Name the area of the dermatome:
S3-C3 | buttocks to anus (concentric circle) |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L1,2 | hip flexion |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L3,4 | quads (knee extension) |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L3,4 | adduction |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L4,5 | dorsi flexion |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L4,5 | inversion |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L5 | abduction |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L5, S1 | hamstrings (knee flexion) |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
L5, S1 | eversion |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
S1,2 | gluts (hip extension) |
Name the function/movement for each MYOTOME:
S1,2 | plantar flexion |
The superficial fascia of the gluteal region is thick with much ___________ _____________. | adipose tissue. |
What is the gluteal fold? | skin crease over hip joint. |
True or False: The gluteal fold is over the inferior edge of gluteus maximus. | False! |
The deep fascia of the gluteal region is connected to what two things? | iliac crest and sacrum |
The deep fascia of the gluteal region splits to enclose what muscle? | gluteus maximus |
The deep fascia of the gluteal region covers gluteus medius _______. | laterally. |
The deep fascia of the gluteal region is continuous with ___(1)___ _________ of the thigh and ___(2)___ _______. | 1-fascia lata.
2-iliotibial band |
the SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT runs from _(1)_____ _______ of the ____(2)_____ to the __(3)_____ ______ | 1-anterior surface.
2-sacrum.
3-ischial spine. |
the SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT runs from the __(1)__ surface of the __(2)___ to the __(3)__ _______.
(superficial to the ____(4)_____ _______) | 1-lateral.
2-sacrum.
3-ischial tuberosity.
4-sacrospinous ligament. |
the Sacrospinous Ligament closes off the _____ ___(1)____ ________ to form the ____ __(2)___ _____. | 1-Greater Sciatic Notch.
2-Greater Sciatic Foramen. |
the Sacrotuberous Ligament ( w/ the help of the ___(1)__ ligament) closes off the ____ __(2)__ ____ to form the ____ ___(3)__ ____. | 1-sacrospinous ligament.
2-Lesser Sciatic Notch.
3-Lesser Sciatic Foramen. |
Posterior, Anterior, and Inferior Gluteal Lines are what? | lines on the ilium that demarcate the attachments of the gluteal muscles. |
Inferior Gluteal Line runs where? | from between ASIS and AIIS to greater sciatic notch. |
Anterior Gluteal Line runs where? | from iliac crest, just post. to ASIS to greater sciatic notch. |
Posterior Gluteal Line runs where? | from iliac crest, near PSIS, to greater sciatic notch near PIIS. |
What muscle is a VERY powerful extensor of the thigh? | Gluteus Maximus. |
The large bursa b/t the tendon of the gluteus maximus and the greater trochanter is called what? | trochanteric bursa (define) |
What are two major hip abductors that are very important in gait? | Glut. Min and Glut Med. |
__(1)__ and __(2)___ muscles act in walking to keep the pelvis __(3)___ when the opposite side is unsupported. | 1-Medius
2-Minimus
3-level |
What is a positive Trendelenberg sign? | When standing on one leg the pelvis on the opposite side drops (cannot be held level). |
What does a positive Trendelenberg sign indicate? | gluteus medius weakness in stance limb.
(the side that is weak is named (+)) |
Define Trendelenberg gait. | pelvis drops on side of swing phase limb during gait. Indicative of gluteus medius weakness in stance limb. |
What muscle extends the knee because it pulls on the IT band? | Tensor Fascia Lata |
What muscle is quadrangular shaped and attaches to the femur? | Quadratus Femoris |
What artery is from the internal iliac artery, exits greater sciatic foramen above piriformis? | Superior Gluteal Artery |
What artery is from internal iliac artery and exits greater sciatic foramen below piriformis? | Inferior Gluteal Artery |
What artery supplies gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus? | superior gluteal artery |
which artery gives rise to the artery that accompanies the sciatic nerve? | inferior gluteal artery |
What nerve is below piriformis, medial to the sciatic n., runs deep to deep fascia, and supplies cutaneous innervation to post. thigh.? | Post. Femoral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh |
Name the levels of the Post. Fem. Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh. | S1,2,3 |
What nerve exits under the inguinal ligament?
(ventral rami L2,3) | Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve |
80-90% of what nerve is connective tissue? | sciatic nerve |
What two nerves make up the sciatic nerve? | tibial and common peroneal. |
Where does the sciatic nerve usually found in relation to the piriformis? Name the levels for the Sciatic n. | usually below the piriformis.
L4,5,S1. |
What nerve exits greater sciatic foramen, innervates the glut. max, and appears below piriformis? Name the levels. | Inferior Gluteal Nerve.
L5, S1,2 |
In what quadrant of the gluteal region are injections given? Why? | Upper outer quadrant. To avoid hitting nerves. |