Term | Definition |
Paleo People | - lived more than 10,000 years ago
- nomadic
- hunted large animals (mammoths and mastodons)
- used tools made of stone |
Archaic People | - 8000 BC - 1000 BC
- simple shelters
- moved with the seasons
- hunted small game
- began horticulture
- made crude pottery |
Woodland People | - 1000 BC - 1000 AD
- dome-shaped huts
- small villages
- bow and arrow
- baked pottery with designs |
Mississippian People | - 700 AD - 1600 AD
- larger villages
- advanced agriculture
- headdresses and body paint
- mound builders |
Spanish Missions | - located on the Georgia coast/ barrier islands
- Goal was to convert Native cultures to christianity |
Hernando de Soto | - first European to explore Georgia (1540)
- came looking for gold
- brought disease to Native Americans
- destroyed Native American way of life |
Reasons for Spanish Exploration | - God - conversion of Natives to Christianity
- Gold - riches
- Glory - power and land ownership |
Reasons for English Exploration | - Gold - natural resources
- Mercantilism - trade back to England within colonies
- exotic spices (for trade) |
Reasons for French Exploration | - Gold - fur trade
- Glory - land |
James Oglethorpe | - founded Georgia
- one of 21 trustees; only one to live in Georgia
- opposed slavery in Georgia |
Charter of 1732 | - legal document granting colonial rights for 21 years
- no slavery, liquor, Catholics (provided for protection from Spanish Florida), or lawyers
- established the boundary as the Altamaha River, Savannah River, and west to the Pacific Ocean |
Trustees | - group of 21 men chosen to represent the King in Georgia
- made all rules for the colony
- could not own land, hold office, or profit from the colony
- motto for the colony - Non sibi sed allis (latin for not for themselves but for others) |
City of Savannah | - location on the river; significant because it provided defense
- also known as Yamacra Bluff
- first planned city in the British colonies (designed by Robert Castell)
- four squares with 20 lots each |
Chief Tomochi | - Chief of Yamacraw Indians
- agreed to share land with colonists
- befriended Oglethorpe
- helped defend colonists against Spanish
- traveled to England to meet King George II |
Mary Musgrove | - served as interpreter for Oglethorpe
- part Native American, part British
- ran a trading post in Savannah |
Salzburgers | - came from Austria to colonies after being exiled for being protestants
- strong work ethic
- against slavery
- settled Ebenezer and New Ebenezer |
Highland Scotts | - from Scotland
- skilled and fearless fighters
- experienced in agriculture
- against slavery
- helped in the Battle of Bloody Marsh |
Malcontents | - wealthy colonists who paid their own way to come to Georgia
- issued formal complaint to the King about slavery, the restriction of rum, and limited land ownership |
John Reynolds | - 1st Royal Governor of Georgia
- unpopular and ineffective
- established democratic government
- set up court system
- served 3 years |