Question | Answer |
Whose publication of a pamphlet increased interest in exploring western Virginia? | Abraham Wood and Edward Bland |
Whose record of his exploration was criticized for being hear-say or rumors? | John Lederer |
Whose expedition was to establish trade directly with the Cherokee? | James Needham and Gabriel Arthur |
What did Alexander Spotswood create upon his return from western Virginia? | Knights of the Golden Horseshoe |
Which nations had a land claim on western Virginia? | England and France |
From which direction did the English arrive in western Virginia? | From the east |
From which direction did the French arrive in western Virginia? | From the north |
What did the French and English dispute over western Virginia eventually lead to? | War (French and Indian War) |
What method did the English use to claim land? | Blazing trees (carving names or initials) |
What method did the French use to claim land? | Burying lead plates |
What was the main issue with these European land claims? | Land was not theirs to claim, it belonged to the Native Americans |
What attracted early settlers to western Virginia in 1730? | Reports of untold beauty, English encouragement, "Breathing room", changes to Virginia land policies in 1730 |
Who is believed to be the first permanent European settler in western Virginia? | Morgan Morgan |
What is an indentured servant? | Someone who agrees to work for someone else in exchange for passage to North America |
What two nationalities made up the majority of early settlers in western Virginia? | German and Scots-Irish |
Why did the Germans settlers leave Europe? | War and religious persecution |
Why did the Scots-Irish settlers leave Europe? | Discrimination (couldn't hold political office or practice own religion) |
In what year did the first Africans enter western Virginia? | 1750 |
What were the three methods used by early settlers to claim land? | Tomahawk rights (carve name in tree), cabin rights (build on the land), corn rights (plant crops on land) |
What was the most prominent, or most important, part of the cabin of early settlers? | The fireplace |
What was the clothing like of early western Virginia settlers? What was its main purpose? | Clothing was made of animal skin and practical in purpose |
What role did recreation play in the lives of early settlers? | Not very important because survival was main concern. As time passed, recreation would be used a way of escaping the day to day focus on survival |
What was the health/hygiene like of early settlers? | Poor health and hygiene would many suffered from various ailments and diseases |