Term | Definition |
Health | a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease of infirmity |
Bronchitis | Inflammation of the air passes between the nose and the lungs |
Prescription drugs | Drugs that cannot be bought over the counter but only with a doctor's prescription |
Performance-enhancing drugs | A type of unlawful drug that can help to improve sporting performance |
Athlete's foot | A fungal infection between the toes |
Fitness | Good health or good condition, especially as the result of exercise and proper nutrition |
Exercise | An activity that requires physical or mental exertion, especially when performed to develop or maintain fitness |
Sedentary | Sitting down or being physically inactive for long periods of time |
Bones | Long, short, flat and irregular are types of what... |
Joint | A connection point between two bones where movement occurs |
Tendons | Very strong, non-elastic cords that join the muscles to the bones |
Cartilage | A tough but flexible tissue that acts as a buffer between the bones at joints. |
Ligaments | Bands of fibre attached to the bones that link the joints. |
Synovial | Where bony surfaces are covered by cartilage, connected by ligaments with a joint cavity containing synovial fluid |
Articulation | A movable joint between inflexible parts of the body |
Origin | The end of the muscle attached to the fixed bone |
Insertion | The end of the muscle attached to the bone that moves |
Prime mover | The muscle that initially contracts to start a movement, also known as the 'agonist' |
Antagonist | The muscle that relaxed to allow a movement to take place |
Skeletal muscles | These muscles helps to give the body its shape |
Cardiac muscles | These are a form of involuntary muscles as they work automatically and constantly. They are found in the walls of the heart, working to make sure that the heart is beating consistently. |
Involuntary muscles | These are muscles that you cannot control, which are find in the walls of the intestines and in the blood vessels. |
Flexors | The muscles that bend a limb at a joint by contracting |
Extensors | The muscles that work with and against the Flexors and that straighten a limb at a joint by contracting |
Adductors | The muscles that move a limb towards the body |
Abductors | The paired muscles for Adductors, which move a limb away from the body |
Concentric | When the muscle shortens (it also tends to bulge such as the biceps in the arm) |
Eccentric | When the muscle gradually lengthens and returns to its normal length and shape |
Speed | The ability to move all or parts of the body as quickly as possible |
Strength | The ability to bear weight |
Power | A combination of maximum amount of speed with maximum amount of strength |
Dynamic strength | Support body weight or be able to apply force |
Explosive strength | Used in one short sharp burst of movement |
Static strength | The greatest amount of strength that can be applied to an immovable object |
Suppleness (flexibility) | How far you can move around a joint |
Cardiovascular endurance | The ability of the heart and lungs to keep operating efficiently during an endurance event |
Reaction time | How quickly you are able to respond to a stimulus |
Agility | The ability to change direction at speed |
Balance | The ability to maintain a given posture in static and dynamic situations |
Coordination | The ability to link all parts of an action into one smooth movement |
Timing | The ability to co-ordinate movements in relation to external factors |
Basic and Complex | These are categories of skills |
Open and Closed | These are types of skill |
Visual, Verbal and Manual | These are types of guidence |
Intrinsic and Extrinsic | These are types of feedback |