Question | Answer |
What part of the New World did the French explore and colonize? | Canada |
In the 18th century what nation became England's rival for colonial territory in North America? | France |
Who were the 2 chief opponents in the French and Indian War? | 1) Great Britain
2) France |
Who won the French and Indian War? | Great Britain |
What was the main result of the French and Indian War? | British drove the French out of Canada and the territories west of the Appalachian Mountains |
After the French and Indian War ended, what 2 actions did the British government take that angered the American colonies? | 1) Proclamation of 1763
2) New taxes on the American colonies |
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do? | Prohibited the American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains |
For what 2 reasons did Parliament pass taxes on the American colonies after the French and Indian War? | 1) Huge war debt
2) Cost of British troops to protect the American colonies |
What is a customs duty or tariff? | A tax on imported goods |
What was the Sugar Act? | Tax on French molasses imported into the American colonies |
What was the Stamp Act? | Tax on legal documents in the American colonies |
What were the Townshend Acts? | Placed taxes on imported glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea |
What happened at the Boston Massacre? | British troops fired on a Boston mob, and 5 colonists died. |
What did the Tea Act do? | Gave a monopoly over the American tea trade to the British East India Company |
What happened at the Boston Tea Party? | Colonists dressed up like Indians and threw East India Company tea into Boston Harbor. |
What was the First Continental Congress? | A meeting of representatives from all 13 colonists except Georgia |
Who were the Minutemen? | Members of the Massachusetts militia who fought at Lexington and Concord |
Where did the Revolutionary War begin? | At the Battles of Lexington & Concord in Massachusetts |
When did the Revolutionary War begin? | April, 1775 |
When did the Continental Congress adopt the Declaration of Independence? | July 4, 1776 |
What did the Declaration of Independence do? | Declared the 13 American colonies to be independent from Great Britain |
What group of Americans wanted complete independence from England? | Patriots |
What group of Americans wanted the 13 colonies to remain part of Great Britain? | Tories or Loyalists |
What Patriot leader said, "Give me liberty or give me death!"? | Patrick Henry |
What battle was the military turning point of the Revolutionary War? | Battle of Saratoga |
What happened at the Battle of Saratoga? | Americans defeated a major British army at Saratoga, New York. |
What nation gave the United States the most help in winning independence from Great Britain? | France |
What American negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with France in 1778? | Benjamin Franklin |
How did the attitude of the British people towards the Revolutionary War change, as the war dragged on? | The war lost popular support in Great Britain. |
Who was the commanding general of the Continental Army? | George Washington |
Why was George Washington a good commander of the Continental Army? | 1) Avoided fighting any battle that could destroy his army
2) His leadership kept the Continental Army together. |
What happened at the Battle of Yorktown? | 1) Americans under Washington and the French under Lafayette defeated the British army under Lord Cornwallis
2) Last major battle of the American Revolution |
What 2 factors contributed to the American victory in the Revolutionary War? | 1) Diplomatic factors
2) Military factors |