Question | Answer |
Describe Theodore Roosevelt's defense and foreign policies. | - modernized the army; est'd Army War College & created a general staff to oversee military planning & mobilization
- doubled the strength of the navy
- got panama canal; Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (1901), US constructs & controls canal; Hay-Bunau-Varilla Tr |
Discuss how the U.S. got the Panama Canal . | - Hay-Pauncefote Treaty w/ Britain gave US permission to construct & control it
- supported the Panamanian revolt from Colombia by recognizing the new Republic of Panama; the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty w/ Panama gave US control of a canal zone 10 mi wide |
Explain the Roosevelt Corollary. | - Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, warned Latin American nations to keep their affairs in order or face American intervention |
Describe the relations between the U.S. and Japan from 1900 to 1918. | - strained due to worries that Japan would invade or attack the unguarded US Philippines
- relations improved when Japan asked US to mediate Japan-Russian War & agreements were signed (Taft-Katsura, "Gentleman's," & Root-Takahira) btw US & Japan |
Explain the goals of Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy." | - to promote American financial & business interest abroad (profit seeking motive)
- substitute economic ties for military alliances
- increase American influence & bring about lasting peace through economic ties |
Discuss Wilson 's initial foreign policy ideology. | - institute moral diplomacy, designed to bring right to the world, preserved peace, & extend to other people the blessings of democracy |
Describe Wilson's diplomacy prior to U.S. entry into World War I. | - sends Bryan to negotiate treaties of arbitration throughout the world, known as "cooling-off" treaties
- not concerned w/ "pursuit of material interest" but w/ "human rights" and "national integrity"
- continues Roosevelt-Taft policies |
Describe Wilson's policy toward Mexico from 1913 to 1917. | - US will recognize only "lawful" govs (govs based on law)
- help Mexicans in achieving political & agrarian reform
- intervene as appropriate to achieve the goals of the US & protect the US (intervene when it seemed appropriate for American interests) |
Discuss the diplomatic events of 1914 leading to World War I. | - Germany, Turkey, & Austria-Hungary - allied
- England, France, & Russia - allied
- 628/1914, a Bosnian assassin linked to Serbia killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne & w/in weeks the 2 allied groups were at war |
Explain the basis of American support for Britain in 1914. | - common language and institutions
- blamed Germany for the war
- ties of heritatage and the course of the war |
Explain why the U.S. entered World War I. | - Ger sends submarines to attack any ship near England & France
- interc'd telegram from Zimmermann to Ger ambassador in Mex: proposed an alliance w/ Mex in case of war w/ US, offered financial support & recovery of Mex's "lost territory" in NM, TX, & AZ |
Describe the U.S. military contributions in World War I. | - Wilson and Congress called for a draft
- Sims's convoy plan (all merchant ships to & from England & France are escorted in convoys by American destroyers) to protect allied shipping
- provides troops to the land war w/ Germany |
Discuss the U.S. domestic sector in World War I. | - gov institutes: propaganda campaign to get US support for the war; a program of repression; strong anti-German sentiment
- acts were passed to prevent tyranny of any kind
- a board to oversee production of Am factories & Food Admin. to supply armies |
Identify the major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. | - created Poland and Czechoslovakia - w/ large German-speaking populations; divided up German colonies in Asia & Africa
- made Germany accept responsibility for the war & pay large reparations
- formed League of Nations |
Explain why the U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles | - Disagreement btw the role of the US & the League of Nations: due to the mutual defense part of the Treaty, they don't agree to it |