Term | Definition |
Montezuma | Ruler of the Aztec Empire |
Pizarro | The Conquistador who conquered the Incas |
Pope Alexander | Divided the world between Spain and Portugal |
Conquistador | A Spanish conqueror is known as a__________________ |
Amerigo Vespucci | The Italian sailor who had a continent named after him was |
South America (Brazil) | The Treaty of Tordesillas moved the Line of Demarcation 800 miles to the west so that Potrugal could claim land in |
Magellan | Who was sailing around the world, but was killed in the Phillippines |
Mercantilism | An economic system that increases money by creating a favorable balance of trade is called |
Balboa | the first explorer to see the Pacific Ocean |
Spain and Portugal | The two countries that agreed to the Treaty of Tordesillas |
Giovanni da Verrazzano | Italian who explored the Atlantic Coastline for the French |
John Cabot | Sailed for England, but disappeared on his second voyage |
Huguenot | French Protestant |
Henry Hudson | Dutch Explorer whose crew rebelled |
Why were the explorers looking for a Northwest passage? | They were looking for a direct route to Asia from Europe |
Important effects of the defeat of the Spanish Armada | 1) Spain could now be beaten; 2) kept England independent and Protestant; 3) it allowed other nations to challenge Spanish claims of land |
Champlain | founded the fur trading post in Quebec in 1608 |
New Amsterdam | the name of the Dutch town that is now present day New York |
St. Augustine | The oldest permanent European settlement in the U.S. |
Hacienda | Spanish estate or plantation |
Mission | a Spanish town established for religion |
Mestizo | people of mixed Spanish and Native American decent |
Viceroy | A person in charge of a vice-royalty who was supposed to manage the land and people for the monarchs of Spain. |
Creole | the name given to people born to Spanish parents in New Spain |
Peru | the Southern part of Spain's empire |
Slaves | were NOT part of the Colombian Exchange |
Viceroyalties | Spain divided their empire into to provinces called ____________ to govern their empire effectively |
Enslaved Native Americans & Enslaved Africans | Who did European's turn to to work the mines and farms in the Americas? |
Bartolome de las Casas | a priest who criticized Spanish treatment of the Native Americans |
Jacque Cartier | French Explorer who went to present day Montreal |