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aphasia | impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understanding, retrieving, and formulating of meaningful and sequential elements of language, as demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs as a result of a stroke, head tr |
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coma | a general term referring to levels of decreased consciousness with varying responsiveness; a common method of assessment is the Glasgow Coma Scale |
delirium | a state of mental confusion caused by disturbances in cerebral function; the many causes include fever, shock, and drug overdose (deliro = to draw the furrow awry when plowing, to go off the rails) |
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dementia | an impairment of intellectual function characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion (dementio = to be mad) |
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motor deficit | loss or impairment of muscle function |
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sensory deficit | loss or impairment of sensation |
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neuralgia | pain along the course of a nerve |
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paralysis | temporary or permanent loss of motor control |
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flaccid paralysis | defective (flabby) or absent muscle control caused by a nerve lesion |
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spastic paralysis | stiff and awkward muscle control caused by a central nervous system disorder |
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hemiparesis | partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
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sciatica | pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve, caused by compression or trauma of the nerve or its roots |
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seizure | sudden, transient disturbances in brain function resulting from an abnormal firing of nerve impulses; may or may not be associated with convulsion |
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convulsion | to pull together; type of seizure that causes a series of sudden, involuntary contractions of muscles |
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syncope | fainting |
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tactile stimulation | evoking a response by touching |
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hyperesthesia | increased sensitivity to stimulation such as touch or pain |
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paresthesia | abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause |