Question | Answer |
gh shoulder flexion | DELTOID (ANTERIOR), DELTOID (LATERAL), PECTORALIS MAJOR (CLAVICULAR HEAD), CORACOBRACHIALIS, biceps brachii (short head) |
gh shoulder extension | LATS, DELTOID (POSTERIOR), PECTORALIS MAJOR (STERNAL HEAD), teres major, triceps brachii (long head) |
gh shoulder adduction | LATS, PEC MAJOR (STERNAL HEAD), pec major (clavicular head), teres major, coracobrachialis, triceps (long head) |
gh shoulder abduction | DELTOID (LATERAL AND ANTERIOR), SUPRASPINATUS, pec major (clavicular head) |
gh shoulder transverse adduction | PEC MAJOR (STERNAL AND CLAVICULAR HEAD), CORACOBRACHIALIS |
gh shoulder transverse flexion | PEC MAJOR (STERNAL AND CLAVICULAR HEAD), DELTOID (ANTERIOR), CORACOBRACHIALIS, biceps (short head) |
gh shoulder transverse abduction | DELTOID (POSTERIOR AND LATERAL), infraspinatus, teres minor |
gh shoulder transverse extension | DELTOID (POSTERIOR), lats, infraspinatus, teres minor |
gh shoulder IR | PEC MAJOR (STERNAL AND CLAVICULAR HEAD), LATS, DELTOID (ANTERIOR), subscapularis, teres major, supraspinatus (when shoulder is flexed) |
gh shoulder ER | TERES MINOR, INFRASPINATUS, DELTOID (POSTERIOR), supraspinatus (when shoulder is abducted) |
sc, ac, and cc abduction (protraction) | SERRATUS ANTERIOR, PEC MINOR, levator scap, pec major (sternal head) |
sc, ac, and cc adduction (retraction) | TRAP (MIDDLE AND LOWER), RHOMBOIDS, lats |
sc, ac, and cc depression | PEC MINOR, LATS, pec major, trap (lower) |
sc, ac, and cc elevation | TRAP (UPPER AND MID), LEVATOR SCAP, serratus anterior (upper fibers) |
sc, ac, and cc upward rotation (superior rotation) | TRAP (MID AND LOWER), SERRATUS ANTERIOR (LOWER FIBERS) |
sc, ac, and cc downward rotation (inferior rotation) | LEVATOR SCAP, RHOMBOIDS, PEC MINOR, pec major, lats |
elbow flexion | BRACHIALIS, BICEPS, BRACHIORADIALIS |
elbow extension | TRICEPS BRACHII, ANCONEUS |
radioulnar pronation | PRONATOR QUADRATUS, PRONATOR TERES, flexor carpi radialis, anconeus |
radioulnar supination | SUPINATOR, BICEPS |
wrist and metacarpal flexion | FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS, FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS, palmaris longus, abductor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus |
wrist and metacarpal extension | EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS, extensor digitorum, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi |
wrist and metacarpal ulnar deviation (adduction) | FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS, EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS |
wrist and metacarpal radial deviation (abduction) | EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS, FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus |
finger metacarpophalangeal flexion | FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS, FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI, abductor digiti minimi, interossei, lumbricals |
finger metacarpophalangeal extension | EXTENSOR DIGITIORUM (MIDDLE AND RING FINGERS), EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI, EXTENSOR INDICIS |
finger metacarpophalangeal adduction | PALMAR INTEROSSEI (IN THE EXTENDED FINGER), FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS |
finger metacarpophalangeal abduction | DORSAL INTEROSSEI (IN THE EXTENDED FINGER), EXTENSOR DIGITORUM, EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI, ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI, extensor indicis |
finger interphalangeal flexion | FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS (PROXIMAL JOINT ONLY) |
finger interphalngeal extension | EXTENSOR DIGITORUM, EXTENSOR DIGITI MINIMI, EXTENSOR INDICIS, LUMBRICALS, INTEROSSEI |
thumb carpometacarpal flexion | FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS, FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS, oppenens pollicis |
thumb carpometacarpal extension | EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS, ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS |
thumb carpometacarpal adduction | ADDUCTOR POLLICIS, 1ST DORSAL INTEROSSEOUS, extensor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis longus |
thumb carpometacarpal abduction | ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS, ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS |
thumb carpometacarpal opposition | OPPONENS POLLICIS, ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS, flexor pollicis longus, adductor pollicis |
thumb metacarpophalangeal flexion | FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS, FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS, 1st palmar interosseous, abductor pollicis brevis |
thumb metacarpophalangeal extension | EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS |
thumb metacarpophalangeal adduction | ADDUCTOR POLLICIS, 1ST PALMAR INTEROSSEOUS |
thumb metacarpophalangeal abduction | ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS |
thumb interphalangeal flexion | FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS |
thumb interphalangeal extension | EXTENSOR POLLICIS LONGUS, abductor pollicis brevis, adductor pollicis |
neck (atlantoccipital & antlantoaxial) flexior | LONGUS CAPITIS, RECTUS CAPITIS ANTERIOR, STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (ANTERIOR FIBERS) |
neck (atlantoccipital & antlantoaxial) extension | SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS, SPLENUS CAPITIS, RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR, RECUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR, OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR, LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS, upper trap, scm (posterior fibers) |
neck (atlantoccipital & antlantoaxial) lateral flexion (abduction), reduction (adduction), and rotation | SCM, OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR, OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR, RECTUS CAPITIS LATERALIS, LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS, SPLENIUS CAPITIS, semispinalis capitis, upper trap |
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spine (cervical) flexion | SCM, LONGUS COLLI, LONGUS CAPITIS |
spine (cervical) extension | SPLENIUS, SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS, SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS, ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS, LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS, LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS, upper trap, interspinales |
spine (cervical) lateral flexion (abduction), reduction (adduction), and rotation | SCM, SCALENE, SPENIUS, LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS, LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS, MULTIFIDUS, levator scapulae, longus colli, intertrasversarii |
spine (thoracic, lumbar) flexion | RECTUS ABDOMINIS, obliques |
spine (thoracic, lumbar) extension | ERECTOR SPINAE, quadratus lumborum, lower trap |
spine (thoracic, lumbar) lateral flexion (abduction), reduction (adduction), rotation | OBLIQUES, PSOAS MAJOR, QUADRATUS LUMBORUM, MULTIFIDUS, ILIOCASTALIS LUMBORUM, ILIOCASTALIS THORACIS, ROTATORES, intertransversarii |
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hip flexion | ILIOPSOAS, TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE, RECTUS FEMORIS, sartorius, adductor longus, adductor brevis, pectineus |
hip extension | GLUT MAX, SEMITENDIUNOSUS, SEMIMEMBRANOSUS, BICEPS FEMORIS (LONG HEAD), adductor magnus (ischial fibers) |
hip adduction | ADDUCTORS, pectineus, gracilis, glut max (lower fibers) |
hip abduction | GLUTEUS MEDIUS, GLUTEUS MINIMUS, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius |
hip transverse adduction | ADDUCTORS, pectineus, gracilis |
hip transverse abduction | GLUT MAX, GLUT MED, GLUT MINIMUS, piriformis, obturator externus |
hip IR | TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE, GLUT MED, GLUT MINIMUS (ANTERIOR FIBERS), piriformis (w/ hip flexed) |
hip ER | GEMELLUS SUPERIOR, GEMELLUS INFERIOR, OBTURATOR INTERNUS, OBTURATOR EXTERNUS, QUADRATUS FEMORIS, piriformis, glut max, sartorius, glut med (posterior fibers) |
knee flexion | HAMSTRINGS, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus, gastocnemius |
knee extension | QUAD FEMORIS |
knee IR | POPLITEUS, SEMIMEMBRANOSUS, SEMITENDINOSUS, sartorius, gracilis |
knee ER | BICEPS FEMORIS |
ankle plantar flexion | GASTROCS, SOLEUS, plantaris, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis posterior, flexor digitorium longus |
ankle dorsi flexion | TIBIALIS ANTERIOR, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus tertius |
foot (intertarsal) inversion (supination) | TIBIALIS ANTERIOR, TIBIALIS POSTERIOR |
foot (intertarsal) eversion (pronation) | PERONEUS LONGUS, PERONEUS BREVIS, peroneus tertius |
foot (intertarsal) plantarflexion | PERONEUS LONGUS, TIBIALIS POSTERIOR, ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS, ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI, FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS, peroneus brevis |
toes (metatarsophalangeal) flexion | FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS, LUMBRICALES, INTEROSSEI, FLEXOR HALLUCIS BREVIS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS, FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS, flexor digiti minimi brevis, flexor digitorum longus, quadratus plantae |
toes (metatarsophalangeal) extension | EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR DIGITORUM, EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS |
toes (metatarsophalangeal) abduction | ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS, ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI, DORSAL INTEROSSEI |
toes (metatarsophalangeal) adduction | ADDUCTOR HALLUCIS, PLANTAR INTEROSSEI |
toes (interphalangeal) flexion | FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS, FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS, quadratus plantae |
toes (interphalangeal) extension | EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS, EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS, EXTENSOR DIGITORUM BREVIS |