Question | Answer |
What is feedback? | any information received by the learner as a result of a movement |
Feedback can be used to... | ...correct errors or mistakes, reinforce correct movement aid its retention and to motivate the learner |
Types of feedback can be paired into... | intrinsic-extrinsic, concurrent-terminal and positive-negative |
Other forms of feedback include... | delayed, kinaesthetic, knowledge of results (KR) and knowledge of performance (KP) |
Intrinsic feedback is... | ...information about movements that comes from the sensory systems in muscles, tendons and ligaments (proprioceptors) within the body. AKA internal feedback |
The more experience and skilful you become... | ... the more able you are to use intrinsic and kinaesthetic feedback |
Extrinsic feedback is the... | information about movement that the performer receives from outside of themselves. |
Extrinsic feedback can come from... | coaches and teachers verbally or visually, teammates and spectators |
Extrinsic feedback is most often used with... | beginners in the cognitive-associative stage of learning |
Terminal feedback is | given to the performer after the completion of the movement. |
If the feedback is delayed, it is known as... | delayed feedback |
Concurrent feedback is | feedback given to the performer during the movement |
Concurrent feedback can occur through kinaesthesia and is | constant during the performance even if performer is unaware or unable to deal with the quantity. |
Positive Feedback is | praise and acknowledgement of a correct or successful action |
Positive feedback is designed to... | reinforce the correct action and motivate the learner to repeat the action in the future |
Positive feedback can become demotivating if.. | it is not balanced thus giving the performer a false impression of how successful they are being |
Negative feedback is | external information about how a movement was incorrect or could have been better, aka critical comments |
Negative feedback can be used more if the performer is... | experienced, confident or motivated |
Delayed feedback allows the player to | reflect on their performance or to calm down after a period of high emotion |
Knowledge of results is | feedback in the form of information about how successful the movement was in accomplishing the task |
Knowledge of results is based around | tangible evidence and scores/times |
Knowledge of performance is | information given as feedback as to how well the movement was performed, regardless if the end result |
knowledge of performance can be provided through... | visual means such as slow-motion replays and images to allow performer to get an idea of how close they were to the ideal model |