Question | Answer |
Skeletal system | made up of bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons. has blood suppl and uses oxygen |
Functions of the skeletal system | Support, Protection, Movement, Storage, Blood cell formation |
Support | Framework supports the soft organs |
Protection | protects the body parts |
Movement | site for muscle attachment |
Storage | 99% Calcum, fat is stored |
Blood Cell formation | hematopolsis, red, white blood cells , platelets |
2 types of bone tissue | compact , spongy (cancellous) |
3 types of cells in bone tissue | Osteoblast, Osteoclast, Osteocytes |
Osteoblast | bone forming cell (makes new bone) |
Osteoclast | break down (resorb) bone |
Osteocyte | mature bone cells (stores calcium and phosphate) |
Compact Bone Tissue | basic functional unit OSTEON (haversian system) |
Osten | consist of a central canal (osteonic) surrounded by concentric rings (lamellae) |
Ostenic | central canals of Osten |
Lamellae | concentric rings |
spongy bone | is cancellous, light and less dense, consist of plates and bars of bone. |
trabeculae | plate of bone |
Femur is an example of | long |
wrist is an example of | short |
ribs are an example of | flat |
osteogenesis | to make bone |
2 types of growth in bone development | Intramembranous Ossification and Endochondral Ossification |
Intramembranous Ossification | cartilage cells cluster together to ake bone, this involves the replacement of sheetlike connective tissue membranes with bony tissue THIS IS HOW FLAT BONES ARE FORMED |
Endochondral Ossification | involves the replacemnt of hyaline cartilage, this is the way most bones are formed |
2 TYPES OF DIVISION OF THE SKELETON | Axial Skeleton, Appendicular Skeleton |
Axial Skeleton | 80 bones forms rhe vertical axis of the body |
Appendicular Skeleton | 126 bones includes free appendages, it attaches to the axial skeleton |
How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton | 28: 8 Cranium, 14 Face, 6 Auditory ossicles |
sutures | bones in the skull are tightly interlocked by irregular lines |
sinuses | air-filled cavities that are lined with mucus membranes |
foramina | opening: in skull bones that allow passage of blood vessels and nerves |
Articulation | Joints where two bones come together |
3 types of articulation | immovable (sutures in the skull) slightly movable (ribs to sternum) freely movable (knee) |