Question | Answer |
When do the New Immigrants come to America? | Came from 1880 to 1921 |
Where did the New Immigrants come from? | Southern & Eastern Europe (Italy, Greece, Poland), Asia and Latin America. |
What is Assimilation? | The process of becoming similar to another culture. |
Why did these new immigrants have a hard time assimilating? | Had different religions, appearances, customs, and languages. |
What were the PUSH Factors? | Famine (Ireland), lack of jobs, lack of land, political and religious persecution (Jews), poverty, and hardship. |
What were the PULL Factors? | Promise of Freedom, Better Life, Gold, Factory Jobs, Land out West, Chance to join family & friends already settled in the U.S. |
What is Ellis Island? | Before 1954 is was the nation's busiest immigration inspection station. |
What was the length of the trip across the Atlantic? | One to two weeks |
What were the conditions on the boat? | Crowded and dirty for the third class. First and Second Class has nicer accommodations |
What is steerage? | A large open space at the bottom of the ship. |
What was the Statue of Liberty a symbol of for these immigrants? | Freedom |
According to Emma Lazarus poem, who was welcome in the U.S.? | The homeless, the poor, the tired, and tempest-tossed garbage. |
What were the Medical Examinations like? | Looked for illness or contagious disease. |
Who was excused and why? | First and second class passengers because they had less risk of passing diseases. |
What were Legal Examinations like? | Asked 29 questions and if any of there answers were different from those on the manifest then they were detained fro further questioning. |
What is Angel Island? | Processing Center for West Coast immigrants (Chinese, Korean, Philippine, and Japanese) |
What is Nativism? | Belief that America should be preserved for the white protestants (old immigrants). |
Why were the Chinese a target of nativists? | Competition for jobs, overcrowding, different looks, different religion, different languages, and different customs. |
What was the treatment of Chinese by nativists? | Were murdered, violence was high, charged high taxes, couldn't testify against whites, businesses were burned down, couldn't go to school with whites and cut off their braids. |
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1883? | A 60 year exclusion of all Chinese laborers to the U.S. |
When did the Chinese Exclusion Act end? | 1943 |
Who was still allowed in according to the Chinese Exclusion Act? | Students, teachers, merchants, and families. |
What was the treatment of the Chinese on Angel Island? | Lived in barracks that had bars on the doors and windows; watched by guards. |
How did Chinese often vent their frustrations and anguish? | Carving poems on the walls of Angel Island. |
What is Urbanization? | Movement from farms to cities. Began in 1800's (after the civil war) |
Why did people move to cities? | Due to the industrialization of America. Farm machinery made the need for fewer farm hands. Women no longer needed to make clothes or home goods. |
What are Tenements? | Buildings that were divided up into small apartments. Many had no heat, windows, or indoor bathrooms. |
What were the problems with the cities? | Garbage & Horse Manure accumulated on streets, sewers couldn't handle the flow, Fires, Health problems and poverty. |
What were Building Codes? | Set standards for how structures should be built. |
What was Yellow Journalism? | Term newspapers used to show who was outdoing the rest of the world with scandals, crime stories, and gossip. |
What did they built skyscrapers? | Due to a lack of space |
What improvements were made for transportation? | Led to the creation of public transportation |
What was Settlement Houses (Ex: Hull House)? | Community Centers that offered services to the poor. (Jane Adams) |