Question | Answer |
What are symptoms and signs of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)? | Within 1 to 4 weeks after exposure, the patient may experience a flue like illness with sore throat, fever, and body aches that lasts about 2 weeks. |
What virus causes AIDS? | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
Is it possible to tell whether someone is affected with with HIV by simply observing them? | No, someone with HIV can remain healthy for years during the latent period and may therefore unknowingly transmit the virus. |
What is the difference between HIV type 1 and HIV type 2? | Type 1 is found worldwide and type 2 is mainly in West Africa. |
What kind of history does a patient with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (Acquired Hypogammaglobulinemia) often have? | Chronic or recurrent infections such as pneumonia, bronchitic, sinusitis, and otitis media |
Signs / symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus? | fever, joint pain; malaise; weight loss; and butterfly rash on the face |
What ages are considered the peak for acquiring CVID? | Between the ages of 25 and 45 and a smaller peak from 5 to 15 |
List all the signs and symptoms of anemia | pallor; weakness; fatigability; listlessness; abnormal reduction of RBC; tachycardia; juandice and mental sluggishness |
What are common signs and symptoms of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia? | Fatigue, weakness, chills, fever, dypnea, itching, pale skin, jaundice, easily bruised, and hypotensive |
What is pernicious anemia? | Caused by chronic atrophic gastritis resulting in decreased gastric production of hydrochloric acid and shortage of intrinsic factor. Antibodies are produced that are directed against intrinsic factor. Leads to impaired vitamin B12 absorption deficiency |
What are common signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia? | A sore tongue, weakness, and tingling and numbness in the extremities, ringing ears, skin lightly jaundiced, generalized weakness |
How is pernicious anemia diagnosed? | The schilling test and/or an evaluation for the presence of antiparietal cell or antiintrinsic factor antibodies is performed |
What is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? | the patient has a platelet deficiency and has an inability of the blood to clot |
What are common signs and symptoms of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? | Spontaneous hemorrhages in the skin, mucous membranes, or internal organs. Petechiae, small spiderlike hemorrhages under the surface of the skin, and ecchymoses, larger hemorrhagic areas, are apparent. As well as nosebleeds, hematuria, and easy bruising |
What is the treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? | Corticosteroid administration, intravenous immune globulin, blood transfusion, vitamin K administration, therapeutic plasma exchange, splenectomy |