Question | Answer |
origin of splenius capitus
insertion of splenius capitus | o:lower ligamentum nuchae, sp T1-3
i:mastoid process, adjacent occiputal bone |
origin of splenius cervicis
inseron of splenius cervicis | o:sp T3-6
i:tp C1-3 |
actions of splenius muscles | u/l: laterally bend and rotate neck
b/l: draw head back |
superficial intrinsic back muscles | splenius capitus and cervicis |
origin of iliocostalis lumborum
insertion of iliocostalis lumborum | o: iliac crest, sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia
i: angles of lower ribs |
origin of iliocostalis thoracis
insertion of iliocostalis thoracis | o: lower ribs
i: angles uppeibs |
origin of iliocostalis cervicis
insertion of iliocostalis cervicis | o: upper ribs
i: TP C4-6 |
most lateral column of intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles, arising from iliac crest- inserting on ribs | iliocostalis |
origin of longissimus thoracis
insertion of longissmus thoracis | o: sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
i: lower 10 ribs, TP of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae |
origin of longissimus cervicis
insertion of longissimus cervicis | o: TP upper thoracic vert
i: TP cervical vert (up to C2) |
origin of longissimu capitis
insertion of longissimus capitis | o: TP upper thoracic, articular processes lower cervical
i: mastoid process |
intermediate column of intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles | longissimus |
origin of spinalis cervicis
insertion of spinalis cervicis | o: sp lower thoracic vert
i: sp upper thoracic vert |
spinalis cervicis | often only scant fibers |
spinalis capitis | considered part of semispinalis capitis |
action of the erector muscles | b/l: extend column
u/l: lateral flexion
longissimus capitis extends and turns face to same side |
origin of short rotators
insertion of short rotators | o: TP
i: SP one segment above |
origin of long rotators
insertion of long rotators | o: TP
i: SP two segments above |
origin of multifidus
insertion of multifidus | o: TP
i: SP two to five segments above |
general origin of semispinalis
general insertion of semispinalis | o: TP
i: SP of vertebrae six or more segments above origin |
Semispinalis Thoracis
Semispinalis Cervicis
Semispinalis Capitis | I: SP T1-4
I: SP C2-7
I: SP occipital bone |
Area of interspinalis | between SP's of adjacent vertebrae, absent in thoracic area |
Action of transversospinalis muscles | extend column, contralateral rotation |
Area and action of interansversarii | between TPs of adjacent vertebrae, absent in most thoracic area, extends and ipsilaterally flexes the column |
origin of rectus capitis posterior major
insertion of " | o: SP of C2
i: occipital bone, inferior to inferior nuchal line |
origin and insertion of rectus capitis posterior minor | o: posterior tubercle of C1
i: occipital bone medial to RCP major |
origin and insertion of obliquus capitis inferior | o: SP C2
i: TP C1 |
origin and insertion oobliq capitis superior | o: TP C1
i: occiputal bone near inferior nuchal line |
action of suboccipital muscles | extend and ipsilaterally rotate head |
innervation of suboccipital muscles | suboccipital nerve- posterior primary division of C1 |
what are the borders of the suboccipital triangle | obliquus capitis inferior, obliquus capitis superior, rectus capitis posterior major |
structures within subocciptal tiangle | suboccipital nerve, vertebral artery |
origin insertion of SCM | o: sternal head: manubrium, clavicular head: medial clavice
i:mastoid process of temporal bone |
action innervation of SCM | a: extension of head, flexion of neck, ipsilateral flexion of head and neck, contralateral rotation of head and neck |
origin insertion of scalenes | o: TP C3-6(ant) TP C2-7(middle) TP C4-6(posterior)
i: 1st rib(ant & middle), 2nd rib(posterior) |
innervation action of scalenes | C3-8 spinal nerves; flexion of head(ant), lateral flexion of neck(mid & post), elevate 1st rib in forced inspiration(mid), elevation of 2nd rib in forced inspiration(post) |
Origin insertion on mylohyoid | O: mylohyoid line of mandible, I: mylohyoid raphe, body of hyoid |
Action innervation of mylohyoid | CN V3 (mandibular n.), elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, tongue, for swallowing and speaking |
Origin insertion of geniohyoid | O: inferior mental spine of mandible, I: body of hyoid |
Action innervation of geniohyoid | C1 via hypoglossal (CN XII), pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly, shortens mouth floor, widens pharynx |
Origin insertion of stylohyoid | O: styloid process of temporal bone, I: body of hyoid |
Action innervation of stylohyoid | Stylohyoid branch of facial n. ( CN VII), elevates/ retracts hyoid, elongates floor of mouth |
Origin insertion of digastric | O: digastric fossa of mandible (ant), mastoid notch of temporal (post), I: intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid |
Action innervation of digastric | Nerve to mylohyoid (ant), digastric branch of facial n (CN VII) (post), depress mandible against resistance, elevate and steady hyoid during swallowing and speaking |
Origin insertion of sternohyoid | O: manubrium and medial clavicle, I: body of hyoid |
Action innervation of sternohyoid | C1-3 via ansa cervicalis, depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing |
Origin insertion of omohyoid | O: superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch, I: inferior border of hyoid |
Action innervation of omohyoid | C1-3 via ansa cervicalis, depresses, retracts, steadies hyoid |
Origin insertion of sternothyroid | O: posterior surface of manubrium, I: oblique line of thyroid cartilage |
Action innervation of sternothyroid | C2-3 via ansa cervicalis, depresses hyoid and larynx |
Origin insertion of thyrohyoid | O: oblique line of thyroid cartilage, I: inferior body of hyoid and greater horn of hyoid |
Action innervation of thyrohyoid | C1 via hypoglossal n (CN XII), depress hyoid, elevate larynx |