Question | Answer |
aztec empire | based in tenochtitlan, 1427, conquered by cortes |
incas | maccu picchu, largest precolumbian empire, conquered by pizarro |
bering strait | 53 mile wide sea straight, migrated across this strait by land bridge Beringia |
matrilineal | gave women more power |
christopher columbus | sailor, influenced by marco polo and ptolemy, 4 voyages, paved expansion |
columbian exchange | exchange of goods, plants, animals, diseases. wiped out 90% of pop. |
hernan cortes | spanish explorer, seeked gold, conquered aztecs |
mercantilism | government controlled trading. tariffs |
new netherland | 17th c dutch colony |
protestant reformation | 16th c division between western christianity |
encomiendo | legal system to control native american labor |
roanoke island | the lost colony |
pope's revolt | 1680, faced diseases, raids and starvation, spanish sought to suppress, united uprising with good initial results |
joint-stock company | company owned by shareholders |
virginia company | pair of joint stock companies. london and plymouth |
john smith and pocahontas | explorer captured by powhatan and was saved by pocahontas |
powhatan confederation | destroyed by 1646. forced onto reservations and separate from europeans |
pilgrims and puritans | separatists / anglicans |
half-way covenent | partial church membership made by england in 1662 |
mayflower compact | first governing document of plymouth. ensure peace on the mayflower |
"city on a hill" | allowed purtians to settle in the new world led by john winthrop |
roger williams | broke away from the church, founded providence rhode island |
anne hutchinson | started the Antinomians, rhode island for religious freedom |
lord baltimore | george calvert, first baron of baltimore |
navigation acts | laws restricted foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies,1651 |
king phillip's war | metacom rebellion, 1675-78, native americans of england vs colonists and allies |
mary rowlandson | captured by native americans during king phillip's war, |
bacon's rebellion | uprising 1676 Virginia Colony in North America, led by a 29-year-old planter, Nathaniel Bacon. |
william penn | founded Pennsylvania |
quakers | religious society of friends |
glorious revolution | english revolution against james II 1688-89 |
dominion of new england | short-lived administrative union of English colonies in the New England region 1688-89 |
salem witch trials | 1691-92, strange behavior led to belief of witches |
transportation act | 1718, transported criminals to north america |
execution sermons | last words before execution |
maleficium | wrongdoing or mischief dealing with sorcery |
middle passage | where slave trading took place |
maroons | fugitives |
olaudah equiano | african involved in the british movement to stop slave trading |
tobacco | main crop for selling and trading |
enlightenment | age of reason. cultural movement of intellects |
ben franklin | founding father of the united states |
indentured servants | made contracts to be servants as payment for transportation to new land |
great awakening | periods of religios revival |
george whitefield | english anglican speaker who helped spread the great awakening |
jonathan edwards | theologian, stressed saving power of god |
deism | relationship between god and the natural world |
methodism | anglican revival movement |
new lights and old lights | distinguishes people who once agreed, who not disagree |
southern gentry | slaveholders with high social class |
stono uprising | slave uprising on september 9, 1739 |
piracy | 1650s - 1730s. outburst of pirates |