Question | Answer |
Outer major layer of skin | epidermis |
Layer of skin containing blood vessels, and many skin structures | dermis |
Layer of skin made of irregular fibrous connective tissue | dermis
Dermis |
Layer of skin made of stratified squamous epithelium | epidermis |
Smooth muscle attache to each hair fiber | arrector pili |
Responsible for goosebumps | arrector pili |
secretes sweat in stressful situations | apocrine gland |
Sweat glands found in axillae and genitals | apocrine |
Sweat glands found all over body | eccrine |
Sweat glands used for evaporative cooling | eccrine |
Cells that produce color for skin | melanocytes |
Substance that add color to skin and hair | melanin |
waterproof protein that prevents dehydration | keratin |
receptors for environments effect on the skin | encapsulated nerve ending |
outermost layer of epidermis with many layers of dead cells | stratum corneum |
Means layer | stratum |
fibers that provide strength to skin | collagen |
fibers in skin that provides flexibility | elastin |
Cells that produce collagen and elastin | fibroblasts |
receptors for pain | free nerve endings |
secretion to keep eardrum pliable | cerumen |
secretion to keep skin pliable | sebum |
lipid substance we call oil | sebum |
structure that produces oil for skin | sebaceous gland |
mechanism of heat loss from the skin depends on this process | evaporative cooling from sweat |
layers of epidermis separate and cause this | blister |
skin thickens due to increased pressure | callus |
What stimulates increased melanin production | UV radiation |
These structures detect pressure, cold and heat | encapsulated nerve endings |
blood vessels narrow to keep in heat | vasoconstriction |
blood vessels expand to give off hear | vasodilation |
The layer of epidermis that prevents entry of pathogens | stratum corneum |
Layer of epidermis with keratinocytes and melanocytes | stratum corneum |
Layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis | stratum germinativum |
Process of water evaporating and taking extra heat energy with it | evaporative cooling |
Describe process used to produce vitamin D | cholesterol in skin receives UV radiation to be converted into vitamin D |
Purpose of vitamin D | allows kidneys to make hormone that instructs calcium to enter the bones |
Effect of heat on blood vessels | vasodilation |
effect of cold on blood vessels | vasoconstriction |
effect of stress on blood vessels | vasodilation in extremeties
vasoconstriction in body core |
glands that produce sweat | sudoriferous |
glands that produce oil for skin | sebaceous |
glands that produce ear wax | ceruminous glands |
uneven junction between epidermis and dermis | papillary layer |
First layer containing vascular elements (capillaries) | papillary |
meaning of avascular | not vascular - no blood vessels |
small arteries | arterioles |
small veins | venules |
connects dermis to underlying tissue (often muscle) | subcutaneous |
connects arteries to veins | capillaries |
loss of body fluids | dehydration |