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History Unit 1 Vocab
9/10/12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| culture | a particular form or stage of civilization |
| aqueduct | artificial channel for conducting water from a distance |
| tyrant | any person in a position of authority who uses power unjustly or oppressively |
| alliance | a merging or efforts ideas or interests by many different people or groups |
| empire | a group of nations or people ruled over by an emperor or other powerful government |
| city-state | a sovereign state consisting of an autonomous city with its dependencies |
| polytheism | the belief of more than one god or in many gods |
| monotheism | the belief that there is only one god |
| democracy | government by the people; form of government where supreme power is vested in the people (free electoral system) |
| republic | supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to cote and is exercised by representatives chosen by them |
| dictatorship | a country, government, or for of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator or ruler |
| oligarchy | form of government in which all power is vested in a few people or in a dominant class or clique |
| aristocracy | a class of people holding exceptional rank and privileges, especially the hereditary nobility |
| democratic-republic | a form of government embodying democratic principles and where monarch is not head of state |
| monarchy | nation in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch; supreme power held by one single person |
| constitutional monarchy | form of government where power of monarch is limited by a parliment buy law or custom |
| Mixed economy | an economy in which there are elements of both public and private enterprise |
| market economy | a capitalistic economic sustem where there is free competition and prices are determined by supply and demand. |
| command economy | a socialist economic system where production and distribution of goods and services are controlled by the government and industry is mostly publicly owned |
| Hammurabi's code | a long set of rules or laws chisled onto a collum of stone by King Hammurabi |
| civil law | body of laws of a state or nation regulating ordinary private matters, as distinct from laws regulating criminal, political, or military matters |
| constitutional law | |
| administrative law | body of rules and principles that governs the duties and operations of federal or state administrative agencies, as commissions and boards. |
| archeology | scientific study of material remains of past human life and activities |
| anthropology | science of human beings; study of humans and ancestors through time and space and in relation to the environment and culture. |
| Fertile Crescent | semicircle of fertile land stretching from south east coast of Mediterranean around Syrian desert north of Arabia to Persian Gulf |
| cuneiform | having the shape of a wedge; composed or written in wedge shaped characters |
| hierarchy | a ruling body of clergy organized in orders of ranks each subordate to the one above it; especially: the bishops of a province or nation |
| golden age | a period of great happiness, prosperity, and achievement |
| traditional economy |