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Gross exam 2
Heart
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where do you find the areola | 4th intercostal space |
| What are borders of breast | Lateral border of sternum;; Rib 2 to rib 6;; midaxxilary line (tail of breast) |
| How much breast overlays pec major vs. serratus anterior | 2/3 over pec. 1/3 over SA |
| T/F the breast is attached more to skin than Pec Major | True |
| How many lobules per mammary gland | 15-20 |
| How many lobules does the lactiferous duct drain | one 1:1 |
| WHat is another name for sebaceous glands (bumps on nipple) | Glands of Montgomery |
| Where do you find the Internal Thoracic Artery | Comes from subclavian and runs posterior to ribs and parrallel to sternum |
| Where and WHat does the Internal Thoracic Artery spilt | Rib 6-7 , branches to form musculophrenic a. and continues down as superior gastric a. |
| Whare do you find the internal thoracic viens | Wrapped around internal thoracic artery (vena communicantes) |
| AN artery is said to be Anastomosis if - | Artery with 2 sources |
| Where do you find the Lateral thoracic artery | Down lateral side to serratus anterior - (2-3 times larger in females) |
| The posterior intercostal aa. come from? | Thoracic artery |
| The anterior intercostal aa. come from? | Aorta |
| What innervates the breast? | intercostal nerves 4-6 (segmental ) |
| T/F - Breast cancer is ussually cancer of the ducts? | True |
| WHat is origin of Pec Major | 2 - Heads;; Clavicular head: anterior medial half of clavicle;; Sternocostal head: anterior sternum, superior 6 costal cart, and aponerosis of external obilques |
| What is insertion of Pec Major | Lateral lip of intertubecular groove (humerus) |
| What is innervation and blood supply of Pec Major | Lateral and Medial pectoral nerve;;; BS=Thoracoacrimal Artery - pectoral branch |
| EHat are the actions of the pec major | Adducts and medially rotates humerus;;; Calvicular head -- flexes humerus,, Sternocostal head: extends humerus in flexed position |
| WHat is Origin of Pec Minor | Ribs 3-5 near costal cartilage |
| What is insertion of Pec Minor | Medail and Superior coracoid process |
| What is innervation and blood supply of Pec Minor | Medial Pectoral Nerve ;; BS=Thoracoacromial Artery - pectoral branch |
| EHat are the actions of the pec minor | Draws scapula inferior and anterior |
| WHat is Origin of Subclavius muscle | Junction of rib 1 and costal cartilage |
| What is insertion of Subclavius muscle | inferior middle clavicle |
| What is innervation and blood supply of Subclavius muscle | nerve to subclavius -- ;; BS=Thoracoacromial Artery - clavicular branch |
| What are the actions of the subclavius m | Anchors and depresses clavicle - bird flapping m |
| What are the Origins of the Seratus Anterior m | External lateral parts of rib 1-8 |
| What are the Insertions of the Seratus Anterior m | Anterior - medial border of scapula |
| What are the inervations and Blood supply of the Seratus Anterior m | Long Thoracic;; BS=Lateral Thoracic artery |
| What are the actions of the Seratus Anterior m | protracts scapula and holds it to thorax |
| What are the Origins of the Transverse Thoracic m | Internal surface of lower sternum and x-pjoid process and adj costal cartilage |
| What are the Insertions of the Transverse Thoracic m | supereolaterally to costal cartilages of 2-6 |
| What are the inervations of the Transverse Thoracic m | intercostal n |
| What are the actions of the Transverse Thoracic m | depress ribs |
| What is the pericardium | Double walled fibrous sac;; pericardiacophrenic ligament to central tendon,;; Sternopericardial ligament to sternum & fused with tunica adventia |
| What are the two layers of the pericardium | Serous (Visceral & Parietal) and Fibrous |
| What forms the epicardium | Visceral layer of Serous Pericardium |
| WHat part of pericardium contains the phrenic nerve | Fibrous Pericardium |
| What is tamponade | Irritation to parietal layer of Serous Pericardium - Fills with fliud and compresses heart |
| The Serous Pericardium allows for ____ heart beating | frictionless |
| Where do you find the Transverse Pericardial Sinus | Sinus of closed pericardium, posterior to aorta and pulmanary artery and Anterior to Superior Vena Cava - TEST |
| Where do you find the Oblique Pericardial Sinus | From Apex of heart - medial and Superior;; between 4 pulmonary veins (2 layers of pericardium) |
| What is the blood supply of the pericardium | pericardiacophrenic artery and veins, |
| WHere do the pericardiacophrenic arteries derive from | From - internal thoracic - from subclavian |
| t/F - the pericardium does not refer pain | False - Refers to ipsilateral upper shoulder |
| What innervates the pericardium | Phrenic nerves; Vagus nerve, and sympathetic trunks (Vasomotor) |
| Where do you find the Sinus Verarum | R. Atrium - Smooth area |
| Where do you find the Sulcus Terminalis | R-Atrium - External aspect of crista terminalis ( outside of heart) |
| Where do you find the Pectinate Muscles | Atriums - act as baffles |
| Where do you find the Auricle | One each on the L& R Atriums - Ear like - hollow pouch containing pectinate muscles |
| Where do you find the Crista Terminalis | Internal ridge separating smooth and rough area in R Atrium |
| Where do you find the Fossa Ovale | Remnant of foramen ovlae - in Right & L Atriums |
| Where do you find the Limbus Fossa Ovalis | R-Atrium - Border around the Fossa Ovale |
| Where do you find the Orifice for Coronary Sinus | R-Atrium - btwn Tricuspid valve and Inferior Vena Cava orifice |
| Where do you find the Orifice for inferior Vena Cava | R.Atrium |
| Where do you find the Orifice for orifice for tricuspid valve | R.Atrium |
| The right ventricle recieves __% of its blood from gravity and ___% is squeezed by atrium | 80 % Grav -- 20% squeeze |
| Where do you find the Conus Arteriosus | R-Ventricle - Aka Infundibulum - funnel shaped |
| Where do you find the Trabeculae Carneae | R Ventricle : aka beam of meat - |
| Where do you find the Septomarginal Trabeculae | R-Ventricle aka - moderator band - carries right bundle branch of AV node --TEST |
| Where do you find the Supraventricular Crest | R-Ventricle -seperates smooth and rough areas |
| The Supraventricular Crest in the Ventricle is synonymis with the ___ in the Atrium | Cristal Terminalis |
| The Trabeculae Carneae in the Ventricle is synonymis with the ___ in the Atrium | Pectinate m |
| How many pectinate muscles are in the R-Ventricle and name attachments | # pappillary mm. Anterior (largest- ant and post) ,, Septal (septal and anterior) and Posterior (posterior and septal) - NOTE OVERLAP |
| Where do you find Cordae Tendineae | R-Ventricle - pappilary mm to cusps of valves |
| How many fingers fit into Tricuspid valve | 3 |
| Where do you find the Tricuspid valve | Btwn R-Atrium and R-Ventricle -- 3 cusps |
| Where do you find Pulmonary Valve | Right Ventricle - to Pulmonary trunk -- Called a semi lunar valve |
| Is the Pulmanry trunk in a Vertical or Horizontal orientation | Horizontal |
| WHat type of blood flows into pulmonrary trunk - arteries (oxygenated or non-oxygenated | non-oxygenated |
| Which Ventricle is larger | Left |
| Which Auricle is larger | right |
| Where do you find the Interatrial septum | Between atriums |
| Where do you find pectinate muscles | R-Atrium, R-Auricle and L-Auricle |
| The L-Ventricle walls are __X as thick as the R-Ventricle | 2 |
| How many Pappilary m. in the Left Ventricle | 2 |
| What is the name of the valve between L-Atrium and L-Ventricle | Mitral - Bicuspid |
| T/F the Trabeculea Carnea in the R-Ventricle is finer and more numerous than L-Ventricle | False - Left V. - finer & more |
| Where do you find the Aortic Semilunar valve | Btwn L-Ventricle and Aorta |
| Where does the S-A Nodal artery come from | First branch off R-Coronary artery |
| Where does the A-V Nodal artery come from | off R-Coronary artery at posterior wall @ crus (TEST) |
| How long is the Left Coronary Artery | 1 cm |
| WHat does the Right Coronary artery supply | R-atrium, R&L Ventricle, posterior 1/3 AV septum, SA node(60%), AV-node (80%) |
| WHat does the Left Coronary artery supply | L Atrium, L&R Ventricle, anterior 2/3 interventricular septum, SA Node 40% and AV-node 20% |
| Define Anterior Interventricular Septum | 1st branch of Left Coronary artery, Widow Maker - most commonly occluded |
| What branches off the Left Coronary Artery | Anterior Interventricular Septum 1st branch; Circumflex Branch - 2nd branch |
| What branches off the Right Coronary Artery | S-A Node Artery, Right Marginal Artery, Posterior interventricular Artery (PD or Posterior descending) , A-V Node Artery |
| Define the Venous drainage of heart | Coronary Sinus, Great Cardiac Vein, Thesbian Veins |
| What does Coronary Sinus Drain | in posterior AV sulcus, Drains Most of heart |
| What doe Thesbian Veins do | Drain directly chabers of heart AKA smallest cardiac veins |
| What is another name for Great Cardiac Vein and what does it drain | AKA anterior interventricular vein, drains Left Ventricle into L. coronary sinus |
Created by:
kmrachow
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