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une ch 8
enzymes as catalysts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Be able to name the 6 major classes of enzymes. | HOTILL 1. Hydrolase 2. Oxidoreductase 3. Transferase 4. Isomerase 5. Lyase 6. Ligase |
| Oxidoreductase | Alcohol dehydrogenase |
| Transferase: | Glucokinase |
| Hydrolase | Chymotripsin |
| Lyase | Aldolase |
| Isomerase | Triosephosphate isomerase |
| Ligase | Pyruvate Carboxylase |
| write the equation for the first step in alcohol metabolism in humans and then explain in words | CH3CH2OH + NAD+ = CH3CHO + NADH + H+ Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde while NAD+ is reduced to NADH. |
| thiamine pyrosphate | an activation transfer coenzyme (helps catalysis by forming covalent bond w substrate), synth by thiamine, attacks alpha keta acids, breaks C-C bond btw carbon and carboxyl carbon |
| CoA | activation transfer enzyme synthesized by vitamins (pantothenate), functional group is the sulfylhydryl group which forms thioester bonds with carboxylic acids, and acyl groups are activated |
| biotin | is the vitamin and coenzyme. covalently bonded to a lysine in enzymes called carboxylases, functional group is a nitrogen that covalently bonds to a co2 group |
| pyridoxal phosphate | vitamin pyridoxine (vitamin B6). the reactive aldehyde group usually functions in enzyme catalyzed reactions by forming a covalent bond with amino groups on amino acids. |
| NAD+ | synth from niacin and ATP. ADP binds tightly to enzyme-causes conformational changes. |
| how does DFP (nerve gas) work? | it forms a covalent intermediate that binds to active site of acetylcholesterase-thereby preventing it from degrading AcH. this is irreversible. |
| how does penicillin work? | it is a transition state analog that binds tightly to glycopeptidyl transferase |
| why is penicillin a suicide inhibitor? | suicide inhibitor= irreversible inhibitor-it binds and forms covalent bond w serine at the active site |
Created by:
carolanimal
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