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ss chapter12 test
chapter12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| dictator | a leader who rules with total authority, often by force in a cruel or brutal manner |
| fascism | a political system, headed by a dictator, that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance for opposition |
| anti-Semitism | hostility toward or discrimination against Jews |
| totalitarian | a political system in which the government suppresses all opposition and controls most aspects of people’s lives |
| appeasement | accepting demands in order to avoid conflict |
| obtain | to gain |
| unify | to join together |
| ______________won power by appealing to Italians who resented that Italy had won little in the___________________ treaty. He made_________________ popular. | Benito Mussolini, Versailles, fascism |
| ______________ was named Chancellor of Germany in 1933. After gaining power, he ended | Adolf Hitler |
| _______ and set up __________ rule. | democracy, totalitarian |
| In the late 1920s, ________________ rose to power as the Communist leader of the Soviet Union. He used _________________ to obtain obedience. | Joseph Stalin, force |
| Germany was able to invade ______________ because Hitler and Stalin signed the _______________ , which eliminated the threat of Soviet intervention. | Poland, Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact |
| blitzkrieg | sudden, violent offensive attacks the Germans used during WWII; “lightning war” |
| disarmament | : removal of weapons |
| target | object of attack |
| fund | source of money |
| the_____________ was the string of French and British bunkers along the German border | Maginot Line |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain and France |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Hitler ended his plans to invade____________ because the British Royal Air Force defended the skies of Britain and inflicted heavy______________ on the German air force. | Britain, losses |
| • Isolationists opposed the Lend-Lease Act because they argued that providing the Allies with______________ increased the United States’ role in the_____________ | weapons, war. |
| ______________ was the 1st country to use the Lend-Lease Act. | Great Britain |
| Japan attacked_______________ on December 7, 1941 because the United States was applying______________ pressure on its government and the Japanese military believed that Japan could_______________ | Pearl Harbor, economic, defeat the U.S. in a war. |
| The U.S. declared war in 1941 because of the attack on________________ | Pearl Harbor. |
| Allied Powers: | Great Britain, France, United States, China, Soviet Union |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| mobilization | gathering resources and preparing for war |
| ration | to give out limited amounts of scarce resources |
| civil defense | protective measures taken in case of attack |
| internment camp | detention center where Japanese Americans were moved to and confined during WWII |
| shift | to move |
| overseas | across the ocean |
| • Women’s Army Corps (WAC): Most of these women did not fight in combat, but still performed important roles in the war effort. Most performed ____________________ tasks or served as ______________ | clerical, nurses. |
| • The purpose of the Office of Price Administration was to prevent inflation by limiting consumer ______________ and ______________ | prices, rents |
| So many consumer goods were in short supply because industries focused on producing ____________ rather than consumer products | goods to fight the war |
| The ________________________ was an African American pilot group | Tuskegee Airmen |
| Using their own language as a code, many ______________ soldiers worked as radio operators. | Navajo |
| _____________ were sent to internment camps. | Japanese Americans |
| The purpose of the ________________ program was to bring Mexican workers to the U.S. to help with labor shortages. | bracero |
| siege | military blockade |
| genocide | deliberate destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group |
| Holocaust | name given to mass slaughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during WWII |
| concentration camp | prison camps used to hold people for political reasons |
| concentrate | to focus one’s effort on something |
| tense | anxious or nervous |
| _____________ was the German general in command of Axis forces in North Africa. | Erwin Rommel |
| The Allies invaded North Africa first instead of Europe because _________________ did not think that the Allied forces were ready to fight the strong ________________ forces in Europe. | Eisenhower, German |
| D-Day (June 6, 1944): This is the day that ______________ and ______________ landed on the shores of France in | troops,equipment, Normandy |
| • The Battle of the Bulge was an important Allied victory because it was the last major German counterattack in ___________ After Allies won the battle, they moved into | Europe. , Germany. |
| The Nazis persecuted the _____________ during the Holocaust. | Jews |
| island hopping | attacking and capturing certain islands certain key islands and using these islands as bases |
| kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilot whose mission was to crash into his target |
| secure | gain control |
| conflict | war or prolonged struggle |
| ______________ was the commander of the Allied forces in Italy. | • Douglas MacArthur |
| The __________________was a top-secret operation to develop the ________________ | Manhattan Project, atomic bomb. |
| The first atomic bomb was dropped by ___________ on _________________ | Americans, Japan. |
| August 15, 1945 became known as _________________ | V-J Day for “Victory over Japan.” |
| WWII was the most ______________ conflict in history. | destructive |
| More than _____________ lives were lost and more than half of these were civilians killed by ____________________ | 55 million (55,000,000),bombing, starvation, disease, torture, and murder. |
Created by:
jessica stein
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